浙江省场地自行车短距离组全运会年训练安排特征研究

Research on the Characteristics of Training Arrangement of Track Sprint Group in Zhejiang Province in the Year of National Games

目的:浙江省场地自行车短距离组备战第十四届全运会的目标是卫冕男子团体竞速赛冠军,冲击女子团体竞速赛奖牌。因而如何保持男子团体竞速赛一、二道的优势,补齐三道短板是队伍全运会年备战训练的主要任务。方法:采用访谈法及跟踪调查法,对成功卫冕的浙江省场地自行车短距离组全运会年训练安排进行研究。结果:队伍在全运会年备战训练安排分为冬训后减量调整阶段、全国赛参赛阶段、夏训强化阶段、全运参赛阶段,基本训练周进行6天的专项素质、场地专项技术及专项技战术训练。结论:浙江省场地自行车短距离组全运会年训练安排特征:(1)周期安排特征:以3周基本训练周、1周恢复周为1组小周期,根据不同阶段任务调整循环小周期组数;(2)内容安排特征:以备战团体竞速赛为核心,注重提高深蹲最大力量,结合功率车无氧训练、公路有氧训练,保持起动优势,将无氧耐力和力量耐力组合训练提高三道骑行耐力,进行俯冲速度、冲坡和模拟比赛等技战术训练,并根据不同阶段任务调整强度或内容。同时,也建议队伍增加技战术训练手段,开展心理及交叉训练,平衡运动员综合能力,拓宽队伍冲金点。

Purpose:The goal of Zhejiang provincial track sprint group preparing for the 14th National Games is to defend the championship of men’s elite team sprint and win the women’s elite team sprint medal.The main task of training in the National Games is to retain the advantage of men’s elite team sprint in the first and second track and make up for the three track shortage.Methods:In this paper,the interview and tracking investigation approaches were used to study the training arrangement of Zhejiang provincial track sprint group who have successfully won the National Games.Results:The preparation training arrangement of the team in the National Games year is divided into four stages:reduction and adjustment after winter training,national competition participation,summer training strengthening,and National Games participation.In the initial training week,the team will have six days of special quality training,special skills on the site and special skills and tactics training.Conclusion:Characteristics of annual training arrangement of Zhejiang provincial track sprint group in the National Games:1)Characteristics of cycle arrangement:Three weeks of the basic training week and one week of recovery week were divided into a tiny cycle group,and the number of small cycle groups was adjusted according to different tasks in different stages;2)Content features:Taking the team sprint preparation as the core,improving the maximum squat strength,combined with anaerobic training,aerobic training,keeping starting advantage,combining anaerobic endurance and strength endurance training to improve three cycling endurance,implementing speed,slope,and simulation game tactic training,and adjusting training intensity or content according to different stages of task.Meanwhile,it is also suggested that the team add the technical and tactical training methods,develop psychological cross-training,balance the athletes’comprehensive ability,and broaden the team’s gold point.