成纤维细胞生长因子8调控颅面部发育和畸形的研究进展

Research progress on the regulation of craniofacial development and malformation by fibroblast growth factor 8

成纤维细胞生长因子8(fibroblast growth factor 8,FGF8)是一种分泌型多肽,在多种组织器官的发育中扮演着重要角色。研究发现,FGF8可以通过激活丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(mitogen-activated protein kinase,MAPK)信号通路调节颅神经嵴细胞的分化,通过调节靶基因的表达影响下颌弓极性的建立以及颅面部的对称性发育。唇腭裂、纤毛病、巨口畸形以及无颌畸形是四种累及颅面部的发育畸形,严重影响患者的生存质量。由基因突变、蛋白构象或表达异常引起的FGF8信号异常与颅面部畸形的发生密切相关,但其中的分子机制和信号通路尚未完全阐明。颅面部发育是由多种信号分子介导的复杂过程,未来需深入探索各种信号分子在颅面部发育和畸形中的作用,为预防和治疗这些颅面部畸形提供新的角度和视野。

Fibroblast growth factor 8(FGF8)is a kind of secretory polypeptide that has crucial roles in the development of various tissues and organs.Current studies have found that FGF8 can regulate the differentiation of cranial neural crest cells by activating the mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)signaling pathway and affect the establishment of mandibular arch polarity and the development of craniofacial symmetry by regulating the expression of target genes.Cleft lip with or without cleft palate,ciliopathies,macrostomia and agnathia are four developmental malformations involving the craniofacial region that seriously affect the quality of life of patients.The abnormal FGF8 signal caused by gene mutation,abnormal protein conformation or expression is closely related to the occurrence of craniofacial malformations,but the molecular mechanism and signaling pathway underlying these malformations have not been fully elucidated.Craniofacial development is a complex process mediated by a variety of signaling molecules.In the future,the role of various signaling molecules in craniofacial development and malformations need to be explored to provide a new perspective and vision for the prevention and treatment of these craniofacial malformations.