国家语言治理能力及其理论建构

National Language Governance Capacity and Its Theoretical Construction

国家语言治理能力和国家语言能力是两种不同性质的能力,二者的关系可以理解为:国家语言能力是国家语言治理能力的目标和体现,而国家语言治理能力则是国家语言能力的前提和保障。国家语言治理能力可从国家语言能力框架中分离出来,赋予其独立的地位。可以国家语言治理体系和语言治理能力的关系为依据,结合政府、社会和个人3个层面,建立了一个国家语言治理能力构成模型。在这个模型中,国家语言治理能力包括3种相互独立又相互作用的能力:宏观层面的政府语言治理能力(主导能力)、中观层面的社会语言治理能力和微观层面的个人语言治理能力(辅助能力)。3个层面的能力构成不同,各自发挥作用,又相互协同,共同形成国家语言治理能力的有机整体。

National language governance capacity and national language capacity are two different types of capacity.The relationship between the two can be understood as follows: national language competence is the goal and manifestation of national language governance competence, while national language governance competence is the prerequisite and guarantee of national language competence.National language governance capacity can be separated from the national language competence framework and given an independent status.Based on the relationship between the national language governance system and language governance capacity, this paper builds a model of components of national language governance capacity by combining the government, society, and individual levels.In this model, national language governance capacity consists of three separate and interacting competencies: government language governance capacity at the macro level(dominance capacity), societal language governance capacity at the meso level, and individual language governance capacity at the micro level(supporting capacity).The three levels of capacity are different in composition, each playing its own role and synergizing with each other to form an organic whole of national language governance capacity.This paper aims to make a fundamental theoretical exploration for the study of national language governance capacity.