中美老年专科护士培养的比较研究

Comparative study on gerontological advanced practice nurses training between China and America

目的通过介绍和对比中美两国老年专科护士的培养情况,借鉴美国成熟经验,为完善我国老年专科护士培养提供参考依据。方法计算机检索中国知网、万方数据库、维普数据库、PubMed、Clinical Key Nursing及中美护理学会官网等,纳入中美老年专科护士培养的相关文献,进行文献筛选及内容提取,对比、分析及总结中美老年专科护士的培养现状。结果介绍并对比了中美两国老年专科护士在层级、培养模式、课程设置、核心能力、师资、资格认证、实践范围等7个要素的异同。结论借鉴美国老年专科护士培养先进经验,我国可从明确老年专科护士培养目标、建立分阶段培训长效机制、加强师资队伍建设、制定老年专科护士执业规范4个层面,推进和完善我国老年专科护士培养。

Objective To compare the differences between China and America in gerontological advanced practice nurses training,and to improve the quality of the training programs in China from the mature experience of America.Methods Relative literature were retrieved from CNKI,Wanfang Database,Weipu Database,PubMed,Clinical Key Nursing and official websites of Chinese and American Nursing Associations,and the retrieved literature were screened and the contents were extracted.Then the training status of gerontological advanced practice nurses in China and America were analyzed and summarized.Results The similarities and differences of seven elements of gerontological advanced practice nurses in China and America were introduced and compared,namely,classification and training mode,curriculum provision,core competence and faculty,qualification authentication and scope of practice.Conclusion Drawing lessons from from America,we should explicit training target,set phased long training mechanism,strengthen the construction of teaching staff,and establish practice standards to propel and improve the nursing training program in China.