我国刑法分则构罪模式的形成及优势论析

Analysis on the Formation and Advantages of the Constitution Model of Criminal Law in China

我国刑法分则在设置上有别于世界上大多数国家,这种立法设计上的特殊性主要体现在我国分则采取“立法定性+定量”相结合的构罪形式,这一鲜明特征使得我国刑法分则的构造独具一格。“立法定性+定量”模式的形成过程经历了萌芽、形塑以及确立三个阶段。在形成动因上,该种构罪模式受到了我国传统法律文化的深刻影响,该模式的确立实际上是我国行刑“二元制裁”体系的必然体现,也是刑事立法处于我国独特法治现实下的理性抉择。我国特殊的“立法定性+定量”构罪模式,还具有与我国通行的犯罪构成体系相吻合、能够彰显刑法谦抑性,以及能够提示司法实践注重对犯罪罪量要求的考察等多重优势。

The special provisions of criminal law in China are different from those of most countries in the world in terms of the setting, and the particularity of this legislative design is mainly reflected in the fact that the specific provisions of criminal law in China take the form of “qualitative legislation and quantitative legislation”,which makes the structure of specific provisions of criminal law in China unique. The formation of “qualitative and quantitative” modes have experienced three stages-germination, shaping and establishment. In terms of the reasons for its formation, this mode of crime formation has been deeply affected by China’s traditional legal culture. The establishment of this mode is actually the inevitable embodiment of China’s “dual sanctions”system of execution, and it is also a rational choice of criminal legislation under China’s unique legal reality.China’s special “qualitative and quantitative” modes of crime formation also have multiple advantages, such as being consistent with the prevailing crime formation system in China, showing the modesty of criminal law, and prompting judicial practice to pay attention to the investigation of the requirements of the amount of crime.