论《周南》《召南》为周初淮汉诸姬所作

"Zhou Nan" and "Shao Nan" as the Work of the Huaihan Ji of the Early Zhou Dynasty

《诗经》之“二南”当成篇于周初,为封于淮汉之姬姓贵族所作。“二南”中南北名物皆有出现,证之周公南征、封建诸姬故事,则唯淮汉宗室因长于北方、封于南方,方才可能具有北方记忆的同时,多写南方风物。从历史地理角度而言,“二南”亦仅可能作于周初,西周晚期乃至东周时荆楚不附、鲜封南土,“二南”如作于此时,不得列于国风之首。而毛诗师法隐然视“二南”为武王、成王时诗,亦可证“二南”作于周初。最后,“二南”诗作在题材上具有偃武修文性质,多言夫妇嫁娶之事,亦与周初天下初定之社会背景可以相合。

The "Er Nan" of the Book of Songs was written at the beginning of the Zhou Dynasty by aristocrats of the Ji family in Huaihan. In the "Er Nan", both northern and southern objects appear, which was evidenced by the story of the Duke of Zhou’s southern expedition and the enfeoffment of the Ji family,only the Huaihan clan, who grew up in the north and were enfeoffed in the south, could write more about the southern scenery while having the memory of the north. From the perspective of historical geography, "Er Nan" may only be written in the early Zhou. On the contrary, if it was written in the late Western Zhou or even the Eastern Zhou when Jing and Chu were not attached to the Zhou Dynasty, "Er Nan" shall not be listed at the top of the Book of Songs. What’s more, Mao Shi division also implicitly regarded "Er Nan" as poems written during the time of King Wu or King Cheng, can also prove that "Er Nan" was completed in the early Zhou. Lastly, the poems of "Er Nan" reflect the atmosphere of the end of the war, and they mostly talk about the marriage of couples, which is also consistent with the social background of the early Zhou Dynasty when the country moves towards peace.