普通小麦及其杂交F_(2)代的粒重、粗蛋白与湿面筋含量及白粉病抗性分析

Analysis of Grain Weight,Crude Protein and Wet Gluten Content and Powdery Mildew Resistance of Common Wheats and Their F_(2) Hybridizations

本试验以2个普通小麦品种宁春4号与云麦52号及其杂交F_(2)代476个单株为材料,利用方差分析、分子标记分析及单标记回归分析方法对相关遗传性状进行分析,以期为宁夏小麦相关性状改良提供育种中间材料和QTL。结果表明:云麦52号千粒重、粗蛋白含量、湿面筋含量和白粉病抗性表现明显优于宁春4号(P<0.05)。杂交F代群体粒重(100粒)、粗蛋白含量和湿面筋含量的平均值分别为4.50 g、13.76%、28.58%,超中亲比例分别为37.61%、14.71%、12.18%,超高亲比例分别为15.97%、9.66%、8.61%;F_(2)代群体中有235个(占49.37%)单株表现为抗白粉病,其中免疫、高抗、中抗分别有199个(41.81%)、29个(6.09%)、7个(1.47%),其它241个单株表现不同程度感白粉病。利用9个SSR分子标记在F_(2)代群体中共检测到22个QTL位点(包括1个粒重QTL、9个粗蛋白含量QTL、9个湿面筋含量QTL和3个抗白粉病QTL),涉及2A、3A、7A、2B、4D和5D共6条染色体,LOD值最大为13.00,表型贡献率为2.87%~11.82%,加性效应为-0.76~1.42。本试验结果可为小麦相关遗传性状QTL精细定位和分子辅助选择奠定一定基础。

In this experiment,two common wheat cultivars Ningchun 4 and Yunmai 52 and 476 individual plants of their Fgenerations were used as materials.The related genetic traits were analyzed by means of variance analysis,molecular marker analysis and single marker regression analysis to provide breeding intermediate materials and QTL for the improvement of wheat related traits in Ningxia.The results showed that Yunmai 52 performed obviously better than Ningchun 4 in thousand-grain weight,crude protein content,wet gluten content and powdery mildew resistance(P<0.05).The average values of hundred-grain weight,crude protein content and wet gluten content of Fhybrid population were 4.50 g,13.76%and 28.58%,respectively;the proportions of over mid-parents were 37.61%,14.71%and 12.18%,and the proportions of over high-parents were 15.97%,9.66%and 8.61%.In the F_(2) population,235 individual plants(accounted for 49.37%)showed resistant to powdery mildew,among them,199(41.81%),29(6.09%)and 7(1.47%)individual plants were immune,highly resistant and moderately resistant,respectively,and other 241 individual plants showed different degrees of susceptibility.There were 22 QTL loci including 1 grain weight QTL,9 crude protein content QTL,9 wet gluten content QTL and 3 powdery mildew resistance QTL detected in the F_(2) population using nine SSR molecular markers,which distributed in chromosome 2 A,3 A,7 A,2 B,4 D and 5 D;the maximum LOD value was 13.00,the phenotypic contribution rate was 2.87%~11.82%,and the additive effect was-0.76~1.42.The experiment results laid foundations for fine mapping of QTLs and molecular assisted selection of wheat related genetic traits.