急诊干预对防止高血压脑出血后早期血肿扩大的临床疗效及对患者神经功能的影响

Clinical effect of emergency intervention on preventing early hematoma expansion after hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage and its effect on neurological function of patients

目的探究急诊干预对防止高血压脑出血后早期血肿扩大的临床疗效及对神经功能的影响。方法选取2017年12月至2020年3月江门市人民医院急诊科收治的100例脑出血患者作为研究对象,按照随机抽签法分为对照组与研究组,每组50例。对照组均行常规急诊救治,研究组行急诊干预,比较两组早期脑血肿扩大发生率、病死率、入院时和入院1 d后血肿体积、美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分、治疗满意率。结果研究组早期脑血肿扩大发生率为10.00%,低于对照组的32.00%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组病死率比较差异无统计学意义。入院时,两组血肿体积比较差异无统计学意义;入院1 d后,研究组血肿体积小于对照组[(20.07±2.38)ml vs.(24.48±2.67)ml],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。入院时,两组NIHSS评分比较差异无统计学意义;发病21 d后,研究组NIHSS评分低于对照组[(15.79±1.68)分vs.(20.44±1.98)分],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组治疗满意率为92.00%,高于对照组的76.00%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对脑出血患者积极开展急诊干预可进一步降低其早期脑血肿扩大及死亡风险,具有良好的早期血肿扩大预防效果,对患者的神经功能恢复及治疗满意度的提高具有积极意义。

Objective To explore the preventive effect of emergency intervention on preventing early hematoma expansion after hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage and its effect on neurological function of patients.Methods 100 patients with cerebral hemorrhage admitted to the emergency department of Jiangmen People's Hospital from December 2017 to March 2020 were selected as the research subjects,and they were divided into control group and study group according to random drawing method,with 50 cases in each group.The control group received routine emergency treatment,while the study group received emergency intervention.The incidence of early cerebral hematoma expansion,case fatality rate,hematoma volume at admission and 1 d after admission,National Institutes of Health stroke scale(NIHSS)score,treatment satisfaction rate were compared between two group.Results The incidence of early cerebral hematoma expansion in the study group was 10.00%,which was lower than 32.00%in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the mortality between the two groups.On admission,there was no significant difference in the hematoma volume between the two groups;1 d after admission,the hematoma volume in the study group was smaller than that in the control group([20.07±2.38]ml vs.[24.48±2.67]ml),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).At admission,there was no significant difference in the NIHSS score between the two groups;21 d after the onset of the disease,the NIHSS score of the study group was lower than that of the control group([15.79±1.68]scores vs.[20.44±1.98]scores),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The treatment satisfaction rate in the study group was 92.00%,which was higher than 76.00%in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Actively carrying out emergency intervention for patients with cerebral hemorrhage can further reduce the risk of early cerebral hematoma expansion and death,has good early hematoma expansion prevention effect,and has positive significance for the recovery of patients'neurological function and the improvement of treatment satisfaction.