CBA与中超联赛运动员时空分布特征研究——基于相对年龄理论

Research on the Temporal and Spatial Distribution Characteristics of CBA and Chinese Super League Athletes——Based on the Relative Age Theory

运用文献资料法、数理统计法,探讨我国精英足球(中超)及篮球(CBA)运动员相对年龄效应、出生地效应特征及其成因和影响因素。结果显示:中超联赛与CBA联赛球员第一季度出生的球员多于其他季度出生的球员,差异具有显著性;中超联赛与CBA联赛出生地呈现出“东多西少、北多南少”,差异具有显著性。结论:中超联赛及CBA联赛本土球员存在明显相对年龄效应,球员出生地呈现不均衡现象。其原因主要是由固定且长间隔的选择、落后的选材理念、经济社会发展水平存在差异等因素造成。建议:从增加二次选材、改革选材理念、扩大选材区域、拓宽联赛举办地、加强强弱地区交流等方面加以改进。

Using literature review method and mathematical statistics method, this paper discusses the causes and influencing factors of relative age effect, birth place effect, relative age effect and birth place effect of elite soccer(Chinese Super League)and basketball(CBA)athletes in china. The results showed that the difference between the Chinese Super League and CBA players in the first quarter was more significant than other players in the other quarters, and the difference between the Chinese Super League and CBA league Qiuyan was “more in the East, less in the West, more in the North, less in the South”. The Chinese Super League and CBA league players have obvious relative age effect, and the birthplace of players is uneven. It is mainly caused by fixed selection date, backward material selection idea, national macro policy, economic and social development level and so on. Corresponding measures and suggestions are put forward from the aspects of increasing secondary material selection, reforming the concept of material selection, expanding the selection area, widening the venue of the league, and strengthening the exchange of strong and weak areas.