不同运动方式对超重肥胖女性健康体适能干预效果的网状Meta分析

A Network Meta-analysis of the Effect of Different Exercise Patterns on Health and Physical Fitness of Overweight and Obese Women

目的:通过网状Meta分析法对比不同运动措施对超重肥胖女性健康体适能的干预效果,为超重肥胖女性选择科学、有效的运动方式提供更为全面的理论依据和实践参考。方法:检索外文数据库Web of science、Pubmed、The Cochrane Library、Embase、Scopus、EBSCO等及中文数据库中国万方、维普自建库至2021年11月4日的中文及外文文献。由2位研究人员分别采用独立双盲的方式,按照纳入与排除标准筛选文献。采用Review Manager5.4.1偏倚风险评估工具,对已纳入的研究进行文献质量评价与偏倚风险评估。采用Stata17.0软件进行相应数据分析和作图。结果:网状Meta分析结果显示:与对照组相比,有氧运动干预[ES=-1.07,95%CI(-2.07,-0.07)]、有氧联合抗阻运动干预[ES=-1.49,95%CI(-2.78,-0.21)],均可显著改善其身体成分;有氧联合抗阻运动干预[ES=1.42,95%CI(0.29,2.54)],可显著提高心肺适能;抗阻运动干预[ES=1.68,95%CI(0.12,3.24)],可增强肌肉适能;有氧运动干预[ES=3.73,95%CI(3.04,4.43)]、有氧联合抗阻运动干预[ES=5.24,95%CI(3.23,7.26)],均可增加柔韧性。SUCRA概率排序结果显示,有氧联合抗阻运动对于改善身体成分指标(SUCRA=77.4)、心肺适能指标(SUCRA=84.5)、柔韧性指标(SUCRA=95.7)起最显著作用,抗阻运动对于改善肌肉适能指标(SUCRA=84.5)起最显著作用。结论:有氧联合抗阻运动可能是改善身体成分、心肺适能和柔韧性的最佳运动方式,抗阻运动可能是增强肌肉适能的最佳运动方式。受纳入研究数量和质量的限制,上述结论存在一定局限性,尚需开展更多高质量研究予以验证。

This paper aims to compare the effect of different exercise interventions on the health and physical fitness of overweight and obese women, so as to provide more comprehensive theoretical basis and practical reference for overweight and obese women to choose scientific and effective exercise methods. Methods: The Chinese and foreign literatures were retrieved from Web of Science, Scopus, Pubmed, The Cochrane Library, Embase, EBSCO and Chinese databases CNKI and Wei Pu until November 4 of 2021. Two researchers screened the literature according to inclusion and exclusion criteria in an independent double-blind manner. Review Manager5.4.1 bias risk assessment tool was used for literature quality evaluation and bias risk assessment of the included studies, and Stata17.0 software was used for data analysis and mapping. Results: Compared with the control group, both aerobic exercise intervention[ES=-1.07, 95%CI(-2.07,-0.07)]and aerobic combined resistance exercise intervention[ES=-1.49, 95%CI(-2.78,-0.21)]could significantly improve body composition in overweight and obese women. Aerobic combined with resistance exercise intervention[ES=1.42, 95%CI(0.29,2.54)]could significantly improve cardiopulmonary fitness. Resistance exercise intervention[ES=1.68, 95%CI(0.12,3.24)]could enhance muscle fitness. Both aerobic exercise intervention[ES=3.73, 95%CI(3.04,4.43)]and aerobic combined resistance exercise intervention[ES=5.24, 95%CI(3.23,7.26)]could increase flexibility. SUCRA probability ranking results showed that aerobic combined resistance exercise had the most significant effect on improving body composition index(SUCRA=77.4), cardiopulmonary fitness index(SUCRA=84.5)and flexibility index(SUCRA=95.7). Resistance exercise had the most significant effect on improving muscle fitness index(SUCRA=84.5). Conclusion: Aerobic combined with resistance exercise may be the best way to improve body composition, cardiopulmonary fitness and flexibility, and resistance exercise may be the best way to enhance muscle fitness. Due to the limitations of the number and quality of the included studies, the above conclusions have some limitations and need to be verified by more high-quality studies.