高强度间歇运动对超重/肥胖大学生体态特征及体成分的影响

Effect of High-intensity Interval Exercise on Body Characteristics and Body Composition of Overweight/Obese College Students

目的:探究高强度间歇运动对超重/肥胖大学生体态特征及体成分的影响,为改善大学生身体形态特征与预防慢性病提供理论依据。方法:选取32名身体质量指数(BMI)≥24大学生为研究对象,实施为期12周的高强度间歇训练,试验前后观察身体形态学特征(BMI、腰围、臀围、腰臀比);七部位皮褶厚度(胸部、腋下、腹部、髂部、肩胛下部、肱三头肌、大腿前侧);身体成分(体重、体脂率、脂肪含量、去脂体重)。研究结果:12周的运动干预后实验组的身体形态学指标、七部位皮褶厚度、体成分均有所改善;身体形态学的BMI、臀围、腰臀比均低于干预前(p<0.05),腰围变化显著低于干预前(p<0.01);七部位皮褶厚度均显著小于干预前(p<0.05),其中腹部的皮褶厚度变化明显(p<0.01);体成分中体重、体脂率、脂肪含量,瘦体重均得到有效改善(p<0.05)。研究结论:经过12周的高强度间歇训练后,超重/肥胖大学生的体态特征及体成分影响显著,对增进超重/肥胖大学生的健康水平有着明显作用。

This paper aims to explore the effect of high-intensity interval exercise on the body characteristics and body composition of overweight/obese college students, and to provide a theoretical basis for improving the body shape characteristics of college students and preventing chronic diseases. Methods: 32 college students with body mass index(BMI)≥ 24 were selected as the research objects, and implemented high-intensity interval training for 12 weeks. Body morphological characteristics(BMI, waist circumference, hip circumference, waist-to-hip ratio)were observed before and after the experiment, as well as seven parts Skinfold thickness(chest, underarm, abdomen, iliac, lower scapula, triceps, front thigh)and body composition(weight, body fat percentage, fat mass, lean mass). Research results: After 12 weeks of exercise intervention, the body morphological indexes, skinfold thickness of seven parts, and body composition of the experimental group were improved;BMI, hip circumference, and waist-to-hip ratio of body morphology were lower than those before the intervention(p<0.05), the change of waist circumference was significantly lower than that before intervention(p<0.01);the skinfold thickness of seven parts was significantly smaller than that before intervention(p<0.05), among which the abdominal skinfold thickness changed significantly(p<0.01);body fat percentage, fat content, and lean body mass were effectively improved(p<0.05). Conclusion: After 12 weeks of high-intensity interval training, the body characteristics and body composition of overweight/obese college students were significantly affected, and they had a significant effect on improving the health level of overweight/obese college students.