基于“资源稀释”的多子女家庭体育资源分配特征

Distribution Characteristics of Sports Resources in Multi-child Families based on “Resource Dilution” Theory

目的: 基于“资源稀释”理论对我国多子女家庭体育资源特征的分析,探讨未来多子女家庭青少年体育发展的相关策略。方法: 采用 2014 年中国教育追踪调查(CEPS) 数据研究多子女家庭体育资源分配特征。结果: 多子女家庭中负责陪同青少年娱乐玩耍的家庭成员主要是兄弟姐妹(38. 7%) ,每学期校外体育培训费用较低(■=572.19) 。logistic 回归结果显示子女数目影响场景资源和机会资源分配,两类子女在独立场景资源分配方面存在显著差异(X^(2)= 560.617,P < 0. 01) 。结论: 多子女家庭体育资源分配特征表现为心理资源的“兄弟姐妹补偿”效应,须构建虚拟生态位以优化心理资源;体育场景资源上选择“经济持久”,应创立多子女家庭体育补助金;体育机会资源上倾向“公益低价”,需完善政府购买公共体育服务以平衡体育机会资源。

Based on the “resource dilution” theory,this paper analyzes the characteristics of sports resources of multi - child families in China,and explores the relevant strategies for the development of youth sports in multi -child families in the future. Methods: Using the 2014 China Education tracking survey(CEPS) data,this paper studies the distribution characteristics of sports resources in multi child families. Results: In the multi child families,the family members responsible for accompanying them in entertainment and play are mainly brothers and sisters(38. 7%) . The cost of out of school physical training per semester is low(■= 572. 19) . Logistic regression results showed that the number of children affected the allocation of scene resources and opportunity resources,and there were significant differences in the allocation of independent scene resources between the two types of children(X^(2)= 560. 617,P < 0. 05) . Conclusion: The distribution of sports resources in families with many children is characterized by the“sibling compensation”effect of psychological resources. It is necessary to build a virtual niche to optimize psychological resources. In terms of sports scene resources,they choose “economic sustainability”. It is necessary to establish sports subsidies for multi - child families. Sports opportunity resources tend to be “public welfare low price”. The government should improve purchase of public sports services to balance sports opportunity resources.