铝基合金燃料对低燃速GAP/HMX推进剂燃烧效率的影响

Effect of aluminum-based alloy fuels on combustion efficiency of low burning rate GAP/HMX propellant

采用了真空定容爆热、活性铝含量分析、燃烧高速摄影、熄火表面及残渣分析、端燃∅75 mm发动机试车验证等方法,研究了Al-Mg、Al-Mg-Mn、Al-B-Eu、Al-Zn、Al-Si等7种合金燃料替代推进剂Al粉组分对低燃速聚叠氮缩水甘油醚(GAP)/奥克托今(HMX)推进剂燃烧效率的影响。结果表明,Al-Mg、Al-B-Eu配方推进剂熄火表面Al粉团聚量降低,熄火残渣中粒径小于1μm的氧化铝颗粒明显增多;发动机残渣活性铝含量下降,特征速度提升,残渣D_(50)(中值粒径)分别降低了64.7%与57.9%;具有微爆炸效应的合金配方熄火表面的团聚颗粒孔洞较多,与氧化气氛接触面积大,生成燃烧产物平均粒径小,具有更高的燃烧效率。

The effects of seven alloy fuels,including Al-Mg,Al-Mg-Mn,Al-B-Eu,Al-Zn and Al-Si,and other alloy fuels instead of Al powders on the combustion efficiency of GAP/HMX propellant at low burning rate were studied by using vacuum constant volume detonation heat,active aluminum content analysis,high-speed combustion photography,flameout surface and residue analysis,and end-burning∅75 mm motor test verification methods.The results show that the combustion efficiency of the propellants containing Al-Mg and Al-B-Eu is improved compared with that of the propellant containing Al.The agglomerate amount of Al powders on flameout surface decreases,and that of alumina particles with particle size less than 1μm significantly increase.The active aluminum content of the motor residue decreases,the characteristic velocity increases,and the D_(50) of motor residue of both propellants decrease by 64.7%and 57.9%,respectively.The agglomeration particles on the flameout surface of the alloy formula with micro-explosion effect have more holes and larger contact area with oxidation atmosphere,the average particle size of the combustion products is small,and the combustion efficiency is higher.