助熔剂和密着剂对搪玻璃的作用机理及其研究进展

Action Mechanism and Research Progress of Flux and Adhesive on Glass Lining

搪玻璃是一种在金属表面喷涂瓷釉(搪玻璃釉),经高温搪烧密着而成的复合材料,既具有玻璃的化学稳定性,又具有金属材料的硬度大、强度高等优良特性,同时表面光滑易清洗,因此在化工、医药等行业广泛应用。搪玻璃性能取决于搪玻璃釉的成分,搪玻璃釉包括基体剂、乳浊剂、助熔剂、密着剂等,其中助熔剂中含有低熔点物质,能够降低熔化温度,破坏搪玻璃釉连续的网络结构,形成新分子键,进而改良搪烧工艺;密着剂能够与金属基体发生化学反应,增强搪玻璃釉和金属基体的结合强度,进而提高力学性能。本文简要介绍了搪玻璃釉中的各类助剂,着重叙述了助熔剂和密着剂的组成及作用机理,为今后设计搪玻璃釉及提高搪玻璃设备性能提供了参考依据。

Glass lining is a composite material that is sprayed with glass-lined glaze on the metal surface and adhered by high-temperature glass-lined glaze.It has the chemical stability of glass,and the excellent characteristics of high hardness and high strength of metal materials.At the same time,the surface is smooth and easy to clean.Therefore,it is widely used in chemical,pharmaceutical and other industries.The performance of glass lining depends on the composition of glass-lined glaze.Glass-lined glaze includes matrix agent,opacifier,flux,adhesive,etc.The flux contains low-melting substances,which can reduce the melting temperature and destroy the continuous network structure of the glass-lined glaze to formed new molecular bonds,and then improve the enameling process.The adhesive can chemically react with the metal matrix to enhance the bonding strength of the glass-lined glaze and the metal matrix,thereby improving the mechanical properties.This paper briefly introduced various additives in glass-lined glaze,and focused on the composition and action mechanism of the flux and adhesive.The review provides a reference for designing glass-lined glazes and improving the performance of glass-lined equipment in the future.