酵母对黑腹果蝇生殖能力、羽化周期及抗氧化能力的影响

Effects of Yeast on Reproductive Capacity, Eclosion Cycle and Antioxidant Capacity of Drosophila melanogaster

为了探索果蝇杂交试验中培养果蝇的最佳酵母浓度,本研究以黑腹果蝇为试验材料,研究不同酵母浓度(1%,2%,3%,4%,5%)培养条件下果蝇羽化周期、生殖特性、爬行能力及抗氧化能力的影响。结果表明:不同酵母浓度饲养的果蝇的羽化时间、性活力、后代总数和爬行能力有显著差异(P<0.01),抗氧化能力也有明显差别,后代雌雄比无显著差异(P>0.05)。随着酵母浓度的提高,果蝇性活力和繁殖能力增强,羽化周期缩短。酵母浓度为4%时,果蝇的后代数量最多,羽化时间最短,果蝇的性活力最强,果蝇后代雌雄比例相对较高;酵母浓度为2%时,果蝇的爬行能力最好;酵母浓度为3%时,果蝇在前期有较好的抗氧化能力,但后期抗氧化能力逐渐下降,综合分析酵母浓度为1%的果蝇抗氧化能力较好。适当提高酵母浓度有利于提高果蝇的生殖能力、爬行能力和抗氧化能力,但酵母浓度过高会抑制果蝇的各项行为,长时间高酵母浓度培养果蝇会对其造成不利影响。本研究结果认为,4%酵母浓度为果蝇杂交试验中培养果蝇的最佳酵母浓度。

To explore the optimal yeast concentration for fearing fruit flies in Drosophila hybridization experiments, Drosophila melanogaster was used as experimental material to study the effects of different yeast levels(1%, 2%, 3%, 4% and 5%) on the eclosion cycle, reproductive capacity, crawling ability and antioxidant capacity of Drosophila melanogaster. The result showed that there were significant differences in eclosion time, sexual virility, total number of offspring, crawling ability and antioxidant capacity of flies reared with different yeast levels(P<0.01), but no great difference in female/male ratio of offspring(P>0.05). With the increase of yeast levels, the sexual virility and reproductive ability of flies were enhanced, and the eclosion cycle was shortened. When yeast levels was 4%, the number of flies offspring reaches maximum value, the eclosion time was the shortest, thesexual virility was the strongest, and the ratio of female to male offspring was relatively high. When the yeast level was 2%, the crawling ability of flies was the best. When the yeast level was 3%, drosophila had a better antioxidant capacity in the early stage, but the antioxidant capacity gradually decreased in the later stage. Comprehensive analysis showed that drosophila with 1% yeast level had better antioxidant capacity. It is said that increase yeast levelsappropriately can improve the reproductive ability, crawling ability and antioxidant ability of drosophila.However, high yeast level would inhibit various behaviors of drosophila, but long time high yeast levels will have adverse effects. The results of this research reveal that 4% is the best yeast level for drosophila in hybridization experiments.