缩宫素鼻喷雾剂对阴道分娩产妇预防产后出血及促泌乳的效果观察

Effect of oxytocin nasal spray on vaginal delivery for preventing postpartum hemorrhage and promoting lactation

目的 探讨缩宫素鼻喷雾剂对阴道分娩产妇预防产后出血及促泌乳的临床疗效。方法 选取2019年8月至2020年7月于本院行阴道分娩的98例产妇作为研究对象,按随机数字表法分为参照组和研究组,各49例。参照组在胎儿娩出后给予缩宫素肌肉注射治疗,研究组在胎儿娩出后给予缩宫素鼻喷雾治疗,比较两组产妇产后出血、泌乳和不良反应发生。结果 研究组产后出血发生率为4.08%,参照组为6.12%,两组比较差异无统计学意义。两组产后2 h出血量比较差异无统计学意义,研究组产后24 h出血量明显少于参照组(P<0.05)。研究组首次泌乳时间明显短于参照组,治疗1 d及停止治疗2 d后,研究组乳汁总量均明显多于参照组(P<0.05);研究组不良反应发生率为6.12%,显著低于参照组的22.45%(P<0.05)。结论 阴道分娩产妇给予缩宫素鼻喷雾剂预防产后出血及促泌乳效果显著,其可有效减少产妇产后24 h出血量,促进乳汁分泌,增加泌乳量,且不良反应少,安全性较高,值得临床推广应用。

Objective To explore the clinical effect of oxytocin nasal spray on preventing postpartum hemorrhage and promoting lactation.Methods 98 cases of vaginal delivery in our hospital from August 2019 to July 2020 were selected as the research subjects, and they were divided into reference group and study group according to the random number method, with 49 cases in each group. The reference group was given oxytocin intramuscular injection after the delivery of the fetus, and the study group was given oxytocin nasal spray after the delivery of the fetus. The postpartum hemorrhage, lactation and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Results The incidence of postpartum hemorrhage in the study group was 4.08%, and that in the reference group was 6.12%, there was no significant difference between the two groups. There was no significant difference in the amount of postpartum blood loss at 2 h between the two groups. The amount of postpartum blood loss at 24 h in the study group was significantly lower than that in the reference group(P<0.05). The first lactation time of the study group was significantly earlier than that of the reference group, and the total amount of milk after 1 d of treatment and 2 d after stopping treatment was significantly more than that of the reference group(P<0.05);the incidence of adverse reactions in the study group was 6.12%, significantly lower than 22.45% of the reference group(P<0.05).Conclusion Vaginal delivery of oxytocin nasal spray to prevent postpartum hemorrhage and promote lactation effect is significant, it can effectively reduce maternal postpartum 24 h bleeding, promote milk secretion, increase lactation volume, and less adverse reactions, safety is high, which is worthy of clinical promotion and application.