密封负压粪便采集器的设计及应用

Design and application of a sealed negative pressure stool collector for children

目的设计密封负压粪便采集器,并探讨其在腹泻患儿中的应用效果。方法密封负压粪便采集器由负压球、采样管、限位器、套管鞘等组成。便利选取2021年1月—12月杭州市某三级甲等儿童医院急诊科收治的159例腹泻患儿作为应用对象,采用随机数字表法分为试验组88例和对照组71例。试验组采用密封负压粪便采集器采集粪便标本,对照组采用普通肛拭子。比较两组粪便标本采集成功率、粪便喷溅率、肠道黏膜损伤率、粪便标本采集耗时以及采样人员满意度。结果试验组粪便标本采集成功率、采样人员满意度均高于对照组,粪便喷溅率、肠道黏膜损伤率低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组粪便标本采集耗时比较,差异无统计学意义(P=0.069)。结论使用密封负压粪便采集器采集粪便标本,能提高采集成功率,减少粪便喷溅和肠道黏膜损伤,工作人员对其满意度较高。

Objective To design and investigate the application of a sealed negative pressure stool collector for children with diarrhea.Methods Sealed negative pressure excrement collector is composed of negative pressure ball,sample tube,limiter,casing sheath and so on.159 children with diarrhea admitted to the emergency department of our hospital(a tertiary A children’s hospital in Hangzhou)from January to December 2021 were convenience sampled as the research subjects and divided into an experimental group with 88 cases and a control group with 71 cases by random number table method.A sealed negative pressure stool collector was used to collect stool samples in the experimental group,and an ordinary anal swab was used in the control group.The success rate of fecal specimen collection,fecal spatter rate,intestinal mucosal injury rate,fecal specimen collection time,and satisfaction with the sampler were compared between the 2 groups.Results Compared with the control group,the experimental group was significantly higher in the success rate of fecal specimen collection and satisfaction with the sampler(all P<0.05);the fecal spatter rate and intestinal mucosal injury rate in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group(all P<0.05);there was no significant difference in the fecal specimen collection time(P=0.069).Conclusion The use of the sealed negative pressure stool collector to collect stool specimens for children with diarrhea can improve the success rate of fecal specimen collection,reduce fecal spatter rate and intestinal mucosal injury rate,and the staff for the sampler has a high degree of satisfaction.