清代来华汉学家满语文研究——以《清文启蒙》为例

Research on the Manchu Language of Sinologists from West Countries in Qing Dynasty——Take Cing wen ki meng bithe as an Example

《清文启蒙》作为一部读本会话类满文文献,一经刊行便广受世人关注。多年来,清代来华汉学家以《清文启蒙》为底本,编撰了多部语法著作。法国、德国的满语文研究起步较早,以满文文献的注释和翻译为主,俄罗斯、英国的满语文研究虽起步较晚,但以现代语言学理论系统分析满语语法。

Cing wen ki meng bithe, a reading book conversational Manchu literature, has attracted worldwide attention once it was published. Over the years, Sinologists who came to China in the Qing Dynasty compiled a number of grammatical works based on The Enlightenment of cing wen ki meng bith. The study of Manchu language in France and Germany started earlier, focusing on the annotation and translation of Manchu literature. Although the research on Manchu language in Russia and the United Kingdom started late, they systematically analyzed the grammar of Manchu language with modern linguistic theories.