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成人阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停高危人群筛查与管理专家共识 被引量:29

Expert consensus on screening and management of high-risk population with obstructive sleep apnea in adults
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摘要 阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停(obstructive sleep apnea,OSA)是一种常见的睡眠呼吸疾病,其可能的高危因素包括男性、年龄的增加、上气道及颌面结构异常、肥胖、不良生活方式、遗传因素和使用镇静安眠类药物等。OSA与高血压、冠心病、卒中、糖尿病等全身多个系统疾病的发生发展密切相关,导致医疗费用及社会负担增加。由于公众缺乏对该病所致严重后果的认知,仅依靠患者主动就医的模式,远不能解决OSA高患病率、低诊治率的现状。因此,针对OSA高危人群开展筛查和规范管理,对降低OSA疾病负担具有十分重要的意义。为了使OSA这一疾病在不同场景和人群中得到充分认识和筛查,中华医学会呼吸分会睡眠呼吸障碍学组、中国医学装备协会呼吸病学装备技术专业委员会睡眠呼吸设备学组组织有关专家,制定了本共识。共识强调了OSA高危人群筛查的对象包括具有OSA患病危险因素、相关合并疾病、相关职业风险等人群。推荐基层医疗机构、体检中心和医院相关科室对OSA高危人群进行筛查。阐明了不同场景和人群中筛查OSA的工具、方法和流程。强调筛查出的OSA高危人群需由医疗机构采用医用级睡眠监测设备包括家庭睡眠呼吸暂停监测或多导睡眠图完成诊断。对OSA高危人群和确诊患者均强调全面生活方式干预的重要性。对明确诊断的OSA患者应进行规范化管理,包括采取个体化的治疗方案,气道正压通气可作为优先选择,可选择的治疗还包括口腔矫治器、体位治疗,外科手术等。推荐建立规范的患者随访制度,及时发现OSA疾病进展,定期评估临床干预效果。
作者 中华医学会呼吸分会睡眠呼吸障碍学组 中国医学装备协会呼吸病学装备技术专业委员会睡眠呼吸设备学组 欧琼 肖毅 王玮 唐向东 王拢拢 Sleep Disorder Group of Chinese Thoracic Society;Group of Sleep Disordered Breathing,Committee of Respiratory Diseases of China Association of Medical Equipment;Ou Qiong;Xiao Yi(不详;Sleep Center,Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine,Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital,Guangzhou 510080,China;Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine,Peking Union Medical College Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,Beijing100730,China)
出处 《中华健康管理学杂志》 CAS CSCD 2022年第8期520-528,共9页 Chinese Journal of Health Management
基金 国家自然科学基金(82170098)。
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