自噬在肺部3种常见非典型病原体感染中的研究进展

Autophagy in lung infections with three common atypical pathogens

自噬是溶酶体介导的一种分解代谢过程,通过降解不同的细胞质成分,有助于维持细胞外或细胞内压力下的细胞平衡和生存。自噬也是机体防御病原体入侵的重要方式,侵入机体后的病原体会被宿主细胞的吞噬体吞噬,吞噬体成熟后形成自噬小体,并与溶酶体融合,形成自噬溶酶体,自噬溶酶体由于各种水解酶的作用而降解,同时将病原体清除。肺部非典型病原体通过干扰宿主细胞自噬水平,逃避宿主细胞通过自噬对其清除,并在宿主细胞内繁殖,最终达到感染宿主的目的。本文就近年来关于肺部3种常见非典型病原体感染与自噬关系相关研究作一简要综述。

Autophagy is a lysosomal mediated catabolic process that helps maintain cell balance and survival under extracellular or intracellular stress by degrading different cytoplasmic components.Autophagy is also a significant way for the body to defend pathogen invasion,which is swallowed by the phagosomes of host cells.When the phagosomes mature,they form autophagosomes,which are fused with lysosomes to form autophagolysosomes.Autophagolysosomes degrade due to the action of various hydrolases and remove pathogens at the same time.By interfering with the autophagy level of host cells,pulmonary atypical pathogens can escape from the host cells and be cleared by autophagy,and reproduce in host cells,finally reaching the goal of infecting the host.This article presented a brief review of recent studies on the relationship between infection and autophagy of three common atypical pathogens in the lung.