人表皮生长因子受体2阳性乳腺癌的两种转基因动物模型研究进展

Research progress in two transgenic animal models of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positive breast cancer

乳腺癌约占女性癌症的30%,40年至今乳腺癌的发病率总体呈上升趋势,其中人表皮生长因子受体2(Her-2)的高表达约在20%的乳腺癌患者中存在,且与不良预后密切相关。动物模型被广泛应用于肿瘤研究,在众多用于Her-2+乳腺癌研究的动物模型中,转基因小鼠应用非常广泛,可用于研究肿瘤的发生发展、转移、复发等相关机制以及肿瘤相关信号通路的作用,有助于Her-2+乳腺癌的治疗靶点筛选以及新药研发。目前,转基因小鼠主要通过组织特异性启动子来构建,本文列举了由两类启动子驱动且适用于Her-2+乳腺癌研究的转基因小鼠模型,对其原理、应用以及优缺点进行了深入的分析。

Breast cancer accounts for approximately 30%of female cancers.The incidence of breast cancer has been rising in the past 40 years.The high expression of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(Her-2)exists in about 20%of breast cancer patients,closely related to poor prognosis.At present,animal models are widely used in tumor research.Transgenic mice are extensively applied among many animal models used in Her-2 positive breast cancer research.They can be used to explore the mechanism of tumor occurrence and development,metastasis,recurrence,and other related mechanisms such as tumor-related signaling pathways,contributing to the screening of clinical therapeutic targets for Her-2 positive breast cancer and the development of new drugs.Tissue-specific promoters mainly construct transgenic mice.This article lists two types of promoters driven by transgenic mouse models suitable for Her-2 positive breast cancer research,and their principles,applications,advantages,and disadvantages are analyzed in depth.