脑电BCI系统的软硬件开发平台发展现状

Review on software and hardware platforms for EEG-based BCI system

脑-机接口系统(brain-computer interface, BCI)是一种将大脑活动信息直接转换为人工输出的系统,允许用户通过思维活动直接控制外部设备。脑电图技术(electroencephalogram, EEG)可以实时获取大脑活动产生的神经生理电信息,具有无创、低廉、高时间分辨率等优点,是BCI获取大脑活动信息的主流方式之一。脑电BCI系统具有脑电信号采集、处理和输出结果的功能,能够诱发特征脑电,并控制外部设备,在康复、医疗诊断和神经科学研究等领域具有巨大的应用价值。随着脑电BCI系统应用需求不断增加,确保其快速高效地部署和应用的技术越来越重要。结合近些年脑电BCI系统研究和应用,综合论述目前用于开发脑电采集和编解码的硬件和软件平台的技术,分析归纳其当前现状与未来趋势,以促进开发脑电BCI系统软硬件平台的有效发展。

Brain-computer interface(BCI) is a system that converts brain activity information directly into artificial output, allowing users to directly control external devices through thinking activities. Electroencephalogram(EEG) technology could obtain real-time neurophysiological electrical signals generated by brain activity. EEG, which has the advantages of non-invasiveness, low cost, and high time resolution, is one of the mainstream methods for BCI to obtain brain activity information. The EEG-based BCI system(EEG-BCI), which provides functions of acquiring signal, processing signal and outputting results, has the ability to evoke characteristic EEG and control external devices. And it has great application value in rehabilitation, diagnosis and neuroscience research. With the ever-increasing application demands of EEG-BCI, the technologies that can ensure it rapid and efficient deployment and application are increasingly important. According to the research and application of the EEG-BCI in recent years, this article reviewed the currently technologies of the hardware and software platforms for building EEG-BCI, summarized current status, and evaluated future trends, to promote the development of EEG-BCI.