全球价值链数字化对中国制造业国际分工地位的影响

The Impact of Global Value Chain Digitization on the Status of China’s Manufacturing Industry in the International Division of Labor

将增加值贸易总分解方法拓展到数字贸易层面,基于贸易数字化视角构建全球价值链数字化测度框架,从双向数字关联、数字化依存度及国际比较等维度分析中国制造业融入数字全球价值链的现状,利用层级结构分解方法分析中国制造业国际分工地位的影响因素。主要研究结论如下:中国制造业主要通过前向参与方式融入数字全球价值链分工体系,在数字全球价值链位置中处于中游水平,以美国为首的发达经济体占据制造业数字贸易主导地位;中国制造业数字化增加值出口对发达经济体市场的依赖性较强,其中前向数字化增加值出口所依存经济体的分布范围更广,后向数字化增加值出口所依存经济体的集中度较高;出口国内增加值相对属性因子和全球价值链数字化属性因子的正向变动能够显著提升中国制造业国际分工地位。

This article extends the total value-added trade decomposition method to the level of digital trade,constructs a digital measurement framework for the global value chain from the perspective of trade digitalization,analyzes the integration of China’s manufacturing industry in the digital global value chain from the dimensions of two-way digital correlation,digital dependence and international comparison,and analyzes the factors affecting the status of China’s manufacturing industry in the international division of labor with the hierarchical structure decomposition method.The main research conclusions are as follows:China’s manufacturing industry is mainly integrated into the digital global value chain division of labor through forward participation,and it is at the midstream level in the digital global value chain positioning.The developed economies led by the United States hold the dominant position of digital trade in the manufacturing industry.The digital value-added export of China’s manufacturing industry is strongly dependent on the markets of developed economies,in which the forward digital value-added export that is dependent on the economies is more widely distributed,while the backward digital value-added export that is dependent on the economies is more concentrated.The positive changes in the relative attribute factor of exporting domestic added value and the digital attribute factor of the global value chain can significantly improve the status of China’s manufacturing industry in the international division of labor.