世界现代化历程与中国式现代化新道路

The Course of World Modernization and the New Road of Chinese Modernization

党的十九届六中全会回顾总结了党的百年奋斗的重大成就和历史经验,显示了中国共产党在百年华诞之际的道路自觉。100年来,在世界由现代化走向全球化、主要大国实力消长的大背景下,中国能够从近代以来的衰败落后到今天站在世界大国前列,从根本上说,就是坚持和发展了中国特色社会主义,创造了中国式现代化新道路和人类文明新形态。现代化最初是由资本主义国家引领的,其本来含义包括理性化、工业化、市场化、城市化、民主化、法制化六个方面。现代化在人类文明进步中起到了积极作用,但由于其固有的价值二重性,也给社会带来了出现“单向度的人”、社会单一化、金钱崇拜和世俗化倾向、“都市病”、极端个人主义思潮、效率与公平对立等问题。第二次世界大战前后,世界现代化开始向全球化阶段过渡,在两大阵营对立结束后,“一超多强”格局形成,东亚、拉美国家相继崛起,世界体系逐渐不以意识形态为主导、而以现代化的程度和水平来划分,各国实现现代化的道路也逐步多样化,并产生比较与竞争。近代以来中国对于现代化经历了畏惧、追寻、脱离、误解、拒斥、创造的认识阶段,并在中国共产党领导革命、建设、改革和新时代的实践中开启了对中国式现代化道路的新探索。中国式现代化新道路是中国特色社会主义现代化之路,是科学社会主义的中国特色社会主义道路,是世界现代化进程中的中国发展道路,是中华民族的伟大复兴之路,创造了人类文明新形态。

The Sixth Plenary Session of the Nineteenth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China reviewed and summarized the major achievements and historical experience of the Party’s 100-year struggle,and showed the road consciousness of the Communist Party of China at the time of its 100-year birthday.In the past100 years,against the background of the world’s transformation from modernization to globalization and the growth and decline of the strength of major powers,China has been able to fall behind from the decline in modern times to stand at the forefront of world powers today.Fundamentally speaking,it has adhered to and developed socialism with Chinese characteristics,and created a new path of Chinese-style modernization and a new form of human civilization.Modernization was initially led by capitalist countries,and its original meaning included rationalization,industrialization,marketization,urbanization,democratization and legalization.Modernization has played a positive role in the progress of human civilization,but due to its inherent duality of value,it has also brought about‘one-dimensional people’,social simplification,money worship and secularization,‘urban disease’,extreme individualism,and the opposition between efficiency and fairness.Before and after the Second World War,the modernization of the world began to transition to the stage of globalization.After the end of the opposition between the two camps,the pattern of"one superpower and many strong"was formed.East Asia and Latin American countries have risen one after another.The world system is gradually not dominated by ideology,but divided by the degree and level of modernization.The road of modernization in various countries is gradually diversified,and comparison and competition are generated.Since modern times,China has experienced the stages of fear,pursuit,detachment,misunderstanding,rejection and creation of modernization,and opened up a new exploration of the road of Chinese modernization in the practice of the Communist Party of China leading revolution,construction,reform and the new era.The new road of Chinese modernization is the road of socialism with Chinese characteristics,the road of socialism with Chinese characteristics of scientific socialism,the road of Chinese development in the process of world modernization,the road of great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation and the creation of a new form of human civilization.