大豆FLC-like基因生物信息学分析及开花调控功能解析

Bioinformatics Analysis and Flowering Regulation Function Analysis of FLC-like Genes in Soybean

FLC基因编码蛋白是植物开花春化途径中的核心抑制因子,属于MADS-box家族。大豆是不需要春化的作物,大豆FLC基因的功能还有待进一步研究。为了解析大豆FLC基因在开花调控中的功能,本研究利用生物信息学方法对大豆FLC基因进行同源比对分析、蛋白结构分析和组织特异性表达分析,同时验证大豆FLC不同单倍型的开花时间。结果表明:在128个大豆MADS-box基因中鉴定出2个大豆FLC-like基因,GmFLC-like 1(Glyma.05G148700)和GmFLC-like 2(Glyma.08G105400),其中GmFLC-like 2为新发现的大豆FLC基因。GmFLC-like 1和GmFLC-like 2均具有1个高度保守的MADS-box结构域、1个较为保守的K-box结构域和不保守的C末端结构域。GmFLC-like 1在叶片、花和果荚的表达量较高,GmFLC-like 2在花、果荚、根和根瘤中表达量较高。通过把424份大豆自然群体材料中GmFLC-like的单倍型与开花期关联分析发现,GmFLC-like 1的外显子与GmFLC-like 1和GmFLC-like 2的内含子分别发生单碱基突变后,开花期都显著延迟,表明GmFLC-like 1和GmFLC-like 2可能参与大豆开花期的调控。

FLOWERING LOCUS C(FLC),a MADS box transcription factor,is the key repressor of vernalization in plants flowering pathway.Soybean is a non-vernalized crop,and the function of soybean FLC needs to be further studied.To investigate the function of soybean FLC in flowering regulation,we used bioinformatics methods to analyze the homology alignment,protein structure and tissue-specific expression of soybean FLC gene,and also verified the flowering time of different haplotypes of soybean FLC.The results showed that two soybean FLC-like genes were identified in 128 MADS-box gene,GmFLC-like 1(Glyma.05G148700)and the newly discovered GmFLC-like 2(Glyma.08G105400),both of them had a highly conserved MADS-box domain,a relatively conserved K-box domain and a non-conserved C-terminal domain.The expression level of GmFLC-like 1 was higher in leaves,flower and pod,while the expression level of GmFLC-like 2 was higher in flower,pod,root and nodule.It was found that after single base mutations in the exon of GmFLC-like 1 and the intron of GmFLC-like 1 or GmFLC-like 2,the flowering time was significantly delayed,indicating that GmFLC-like 1 and GmFLC-like 2 may be involved in the regulation of soybean flowering time.