活性炭吸附煤焦油废水中有机物的试验条件探究

Study on experimental conditions of adsorption of organic matter in coal tar wastewater by activated carbon

煤焦油废水是在煤化工的重要副产品之一,其中的有机污染物成分复杂多变,属于难降解的典型有机废水,未经任何处理的煤焦油废水若直接排放至污水系统则将对环境造成严重的危害。活性炭吸附因其具有去除率高、效果稳定、设备简单、操作方便、能耗小、可再生等优点,作为优质的吸附剂已广泛应用于煤焦油工业应用领域,因而活性炭吸附煤焦油废水中有机物的条件探究具有现实意义。结合标准曲线绘制与活性炭选用,从活性炭种类、浓度、废水pH值、废水稀释程度等参数探究活性炭吸附焦油废水中有机物的影响。对比果壳活性炭和椰壳活性炭对焦油废水中有机物的去除率结果可显示,果壳活性炭达到吸附平衡的时间更短且去除率更高,其所表现出的吸附能力都均好于椰壳活性炭。在综合考虑活性炭的用量成本与去除效果等因素条件下,活性炭用量10 g/L、焦油废水pH=5、废水稀释倍数25倍时为最适宜的试验条件。

Coal tar is one of the important products of coking industry,and its processing process will produce a large amount of wastewater,the composition of organic pollutants is complex and changeable,it belongs to typical refractory organic wastewater,untreated coal tar wastewater will cause serious harm to the environment if it is directly discharged into the sewage system.Activated carbon adsorption has been widely used in coal tar industrial applications as an excellent adsorbent because of its advantages of high removal rate,stable effect,simple equipment,convenient operation,low energy consumption,and regeneration.Its exploration has practical significance.Combined with standard curve drawing and activated carbon selection,the effect of activated carbon on adsorption of tar wastewater was explored from parameters such as activated carbon type,concentration,wastewater pH value,and wastewater dilution degree.Comparing the results of the removal rate of organic matter in tar wastewater by nutshell activated carbon and coconut shell activated carbon,it can be shown that nutshell activated carbon has a shorter time to reach adsorption equilibrium and higher removal rate,and its adsorption capacity is better than coconut shell activated carbon.Considering factors such as the dosage,cost and removal effect of activated carbon,the optimum test conditions are when the dosage of activated carbon is 10 g/L,the pH of tar wastewater is 5,and the dilution ratio of wastewater is 25 times.