中巴水稻淀粉合成相关基因及直链淀粉含量的差异分析

Difference Analysis of the Starch-related Genes and Amylose Contents in Rice Materials from Pakistan and China

为研究巴基斯坦和中国水稻材料的农艺性状和淀粉合成相关基因的差异性,本研究选取64份来自中国和27份来自巴基斯坦的水稻材料并采用完全随机区组设计,在水稻分蘖期分析11个淀粉合成相关基因的基因型分布和频率,在成熟后对谷粒的直链淀粉含量(amylose content,AC)进行测定以及对农艺性状(株高,分蘖数,芒长,穗长,粒长,结实率,单株产量和千粒重)进行统计分析。结果表明,巴基斯坦水稻材料的穗和籽粒较长,AC较高,而中国水稻材料的产量较高。11个与淀粉相关的基因中,有5个基因(Wx,OsGBSSⅡ,OsSBEⅢ,OsSBEⅣ,OsPUL)在被检测的水稻材料中表现出多态性,而且这5个基因的基因型分布比例在中巴两国的水稻材料之间有显著差异。本研究结果为优质杂交水稻的生产和组配提供理论参考,而且对于探索不同地区之间的水稻进化和人工驯化也具有一定的意义。

To study the differences in agronomic traits and starch synthesis-related genes of Pakistani and Chinese rice materials.This study selected 64 rice materials from China and 27 rice materials from Pakistan,and adopted a completely randomized block design.The genotype distribution and frequency of 11 starch synthesis-related genes were analyzed at the tillering stage.When the rice matures,the amylose content(AC) of the grain was determined and the agronomic traits(Plant height,tiller number,awn length,panicle length,grain length,seed setting rate,yield per plant and thousand-grain weight) were statistically analyzed.The results showed that Pakistani rice materials have longer panicles,longer grains and higher AC,while Chinese materials have higher yield per plant.5 of the 11 starch-related genes(Wx,OsGBSSⅡ,OsSBEⅢ,OsSBEⅣ,OsPUL) showed polymorphisms in the tested rice materials,and the genotype distribution ratios of these five genes were significantly different between Pakistani materials and Chinese materials.