从丹溪传承河间看金元胃阴学说发展

Investigate the Stomach Yin Theory Development of Jin and Yuan Dynasties from the Perspective of Danxi Inheriting Hejian

[目的]梳理朱丹溪对刘河间学术思想的传承,探讨金元时期胃阴学说的发展。[方法]通过对刘河间和朱丹溪主要著作的研习,查阅相关文献报道,搜集、整理、归纳刘河间及朱丹溪胃阴思想的主要内容,并梳理、分析两者间的传承发展关系。[结果]刘河间虽以火热立论,但亦十分重视脾胃,且提出“胃中润泽”的观点,临证多用寒凉药物,辅以滋阴降火,并顾护脾胃。朱丹溪通过亲炙罗知悌,全面继承河间学说,在其“火热论”的基础上,提出“相火论”,提倡“滋阴则火自降”;进一步发展河间“阳热怫郁、宣通玄府”的观点,创立了著名的“六郁”学说,着眼于脾胃气机升降;传承河间“胃中润泽说”,治以“养胃滋阴”,形成了独特的丹溪养阴理论。[结论]研究朱丹溪对刘河间的传承脉络,对于理解其独特的学术思想、了解金元时期胃阴学说的发展具有重要意义。

[Objective] To investigate the inheritance and development of LIU Hejian’s academic thoughts by ZHU Danxi, and discuss the stomach Yin theory development of Jin and Yuan Dynasties. [Methods] Through studying the major works of LIU Hejian and ZHU Danxi,as well as relevant literature reports, this paper collected, sorted out and summarized the main contents of LIU Hejian’s and ZHU Danxi’s stomach Yin thoughts, and analyzed the inheritance and development relationship between them. [Results] Based on the theory of fire and hot, LIU Hejian was skilled in using herbs of cold and cool nature. However, he also attached great importance to the spleen and stomach.ZHU Danxi totally inherited the theory of LIU Hejian from LUO Zhiti. On the basis of Hejian’s fire theory, Danxi put forward the ministerial fire theory, advocating that nourishing Yin would reduce fire. Additionally, Danxi developed Hejian’s viewpoint of “obstruction of Yang and heat, diffusing sweat pore”, established the famous“six kinds of stagnancy” theory, focusing on the rise and fall of the spleen and stomach Qi activity;furthermore, inheriting Hejian’s “moist in the stomach” theory, and treating with nourishing the stomach to reinforce Yin, forming the unique theory of Danxi’s nourishing Yin. [Conclusion] To study the inheritance of ZHU Danxi from LIU Hejian is of great significance for understanding his unique academic theory, as well as the stomach Yin theory development of Jin and Yuan Dynasties.