铬离子对蛹虫草子实体生物量及化学成分的影响

Effects of enriching chromium ion on biomass and chemical composition of fruit body of Cordyceps militaris

蛹虫草是一种具有多种生物功能的药用真菌,近年来在金属离子富集方面受到学者的广泛关注,但对蛹虫草富集Cr^(3+)的能力及其相应的生理反应尚无文献报道。为此,本研究利用含有不同Cr^(3+)浓度的燕麦培养基培养蛹虫草子实体,分别对蛹虫草子实体生物量及子实体中虫草素、腺苷、虫草酸、麦角甾醇、铬离子含量等指标进行了测定。结果表明,除麦角甾醇随着培养基中Cr^(3+)浓度的增加而降低之外,其余指标均呈现先增加后降低的变化趋势。700 mg/L Cr^(3+)处理时,子实体干、鲜重和铬离子含量达到最大值,分别比对照组增加36.85%、35.53%和202.12%;当Cr^(3+)达1500 mg/L时,虫草素和腺苷含量达到最大值,分别比对照组高94.61%和530.29%;虫草酸含量和多糖含量分别在1100 mg/L和1200 mg/L Cr^(3+)处理时达到最大值,分别比对照组高123.62%和21.39%。本研究首次探讨了蛹虫草子实体富集Cr^(3+)的能力以及Cr^(3+)处理下的子实体生物量和部分次生代谢产物含量的变化规律,为进一步研究蛹虫草富集铬离子机制提供了理论依据,为富铬蛹虫草功能性食品的研发奠定了基础。

Cordyceps militaris is an important medicinal fungus with various biological functions.In recent years,its ability to accumulate metal ions has received extensive attention by researchers.However,the ability of C.militaris to accumulate Cr^(3+)and the corresponding physiological responses have not been reported in the literature.In this study,oat media containing different concentrations of Cr^(3+)were used to culture C.militaris fruit body,and the biomass and content of adenosine,cordycepic acid,ergosterol and Cr^(3+)in C.militaris fruit body were determined.The results showed that the measured indexes manifested a trend of increasing first and then decreasing with the increase of Cr^(3+)concentration in the medium,except for ergosterol content which showed a reduction trend.The dry and fresh weight and Cr^(3+)content of fruit body reached the maximum value when the medium contained 700 mg/L Cr^(3+),having increased by 36.85%,35.53%and 202.12%as compared with those of the control,respectively.The cordycepin content and adenosine content reached the maximum value when Cr^(3+)concentration reached 1500 mg/L,being 94.61%and 530.29%higher than those of the control,respectively.The cordyceps acid content and polysaccharide content reached the maximum value at Cr^(3+)concentration of 1100 mg/L and 1200 mg/L,respectively,being 123.62%and 21.39%higher than those of the control,respectively.In conclusion,this study revealed for the first time the Cr^(3+)enrichment ability of C.militaris fruiting body,and the variation of biomass and content of some secondary metabolites in fruiting body under Cr^(3+)treatment.Further study of Cr^(3+)enrichment mechanism of C.militaris is needed for laying a foundation of developing chromium ion-rich C.militaris functional products.