共生菌与昆虫的免疫

Symbiotic bacteria and insect immunity

共生菌可通过产生抗菌物质、调控宿主免疫相关基因和微生物种间竞争作用等方式保护昆虫宿主免受病原体的侵染。为维持共生关系,昆虫进化出精细的调控机制避免对共生菌的过激免疫应答,共生菌通过免疫识别信号多态性或化学拟态来降低或躲避宿主免疫系统对自身的伤害。本文在分析共生菌对宿主免疫的功能及其机制的基础上,探讨宿主对免疫应答的精准调控以及共生体系的协同进化,以期为共生菌对宿主免疫影响的深入研究提供参考。

Symbiotic bacteria can protect their insect hosts against pathogens by producing antimicrobial substances,regulating host immune-related genes,and competing with exotic pathogens for resources.To maintain the symbiotic relationship,insects have evolved fine-tuned regulatory mechanisms to avoid overactive immune responses to symbiotic bacteria,and the latter reduce or evade the damage from the host immune system via immune recognition signal polymorphisms or chemical mimicry.In this paper,we analyzed the function of symbiotic bacteria on host immunity and the mechanism and then explored the precise regulation of immune response by the host and the coevolution of the symbiotic system,hoping to provide a reference for further research on the influence of symbiotic bacteria on host immunity.