湖北省环境治理能力评价与影响因素研究

Evaluation and Research on Influencing Factors of Environmental Governance Capacity of Hubei Province

环境治理能力是促进环境质量持续改善的关键。开展环境治理能力评价及影响因素研究对于识别环境治理能力的现状、问题,有针对性地提出建议具有重要意义。该文构建了环境治理能力评价指标体系,利用熵值法、线性加权法、障碍度模型分析了湖北省环境治理能力水平和主要影响因子,结果表明:(1)2016-2019年,湖北省环境治理能力指数由0.365 7提高到0.405 2,各行政区域环境治理能力指数空间差异明显,整体上呈现“两边高、中间低”的空间格局,但区域差距有缩小趋势。(2)环境治理能力分系统中,环境质量改善能力指数波动下降,环境社会参与能力提升幅度最大。(3)森林覆盖率、一般工业固体废物综合利用率、建成区污水管道密度是主要障碍因子。(4)根据影响因子累计障碍度,可将各行政区域环境治理能力划分为环境质量改善能力制约型、环境治理保障能力制约型、环境公共服务能力制约型、环境社会参与能力制约型4种类型,能够为分区施策提供参考。

Environmental governance capacity is the key to environmental quality improvement. It is of great significance to carry out evaluation and research on the influencing factors of environmental governance capacity for identifying the status quo and the existing problems of environmental governance capacity, thus putting forward the targeted proposals. In this paper, methodologies such as entropy method, linear weighting and the obstacle degree model were used to analyze the level and main influencing factors of the capacity of Hubei Province in environmental governance. As a result, the findings indicated that the environmental governance capacity index of Hubei upgraded from 0.365 7 to 0.405 2 during the period of 2016-2019,and the spatial differences of the environmental governance capacity index were obvious among the administration regions of Hubei, geographically showing a spatial pattern of "high on both sides and low in the middle" on the whole, but the gaps tended to be narrow. In terms of the sub-system of environmental governance capacity, it was showed that the fluctuation of environmental quality improvement capacity index dwindled, and the upgrading of environmental social participation capacity was the greatest. Forest coverage rate, comprehensive utilization rate of industrial solid waste and the density of sewerage in built-up areas were the main obstacle factors in the capacity for further improvement;and according to the cumulative obstacle degree of influencing factors, the environmental governance capacity of the administration regions in Hubei can be broken down into four restraint types, i.e. the restraint types of the capcity of environmental quality improvement, the capacity of environmental governance guarantee, the environmental public service capacity and the capacity in environmental social participation, so as to provide references for Hubei Province in practising the environmental management policy according the principle of‘differentiated policies for different regions’.