城市轨道交通列车实时数据处理与应用研究

Research on Real Time Data Processing and Application of Urban Rail Train

随着我国城市轨道交通(简称“城轨”)的迅速发展,安全智能、数字化的运营需求日益增长。为实现对列车状态的实时感知,文章从城轨列车运营实际需求出发,借助大数据、移动互联网、物联网、微服务等技术,搭建了一种智能运维实时流式数据处理架构,提出了一种列车实时数据落地后可移植、可扩展的高效处理方法,其可实现数据的快速校验、解析、存储、共享及推送等功能,并支撑应用系统实现列车实时监测、应急响应处置指导、列车日检项点自检等功能。架构中地面系统主要包括数据平台与应用平台两部分,其中数据平台借助高并发异步IO框架、消息队列、流式计算、存储引擎等大数据处理组件,完成对车辆实时下发数据流的快速处理,并借助实时数据库、数据主动推送等技术,实现实时数据的高效实时交互与灵活应用;应用平台利用列车实时数据实现列车相关的需求功能,有效地将数据转化成实际业务形式,从而提升检修人员对车辆运行状态的感知能力,减少人工检修/运营的工作量,保障列车高质量的运营。

With the rapid development of urban rail transit in China, the demand for safe and intelligent operation is growing.According to the actual operation needs of urban rail train, this paper builds a real-time streaming data processing architecture for intelligent operation and maintenance adopting technologies such as big data, mobile internet, internet of things, and micro-services.This paper mainly expounds a portable, scalable and efficient processing method base on train real-time data, which realizes the functions of rapid data verification, analysis, storage, sharing, push, etc., and supports the application system to realize real-time train monitoring and emergency response and disposal guidance, train daily inspection items self-inspection and other functions. The proposed system mainly includes two parts: data platform and application platform. The data platform completes rapid processing of real-time data stream sent by the onboard device with the help of high-concurrency asynchronous IO framework, message queue,stream computing, storage engine and other big data processing components;efficient real-time interaction and flexible application of real-time data are realized with database, active data push and other technologies. The application platform uses real-time data of train to realize train-related demand functions, and effectively converts the data into actual business form, thereby improves the ability of personnel to perceive the running status of vehicle, reducing workload of artificial maintenance and operation, and ensuring the train high-quality operations.