改良培养方法对多发性骨髓瘤染色体核型检出率的影响

The Effect of Improved Culturing Method on the Detection Rate of Chromosome Karyotyping in Multiple Myeloma

目的:探讨改良多发性骨髓瘤(MM)患者的染色体核型检测的培养方法,进一步提高MM患者的细胞遗传学异常检出率,为MM患者的临床诊断、预后分层和个体化治疗提供更准确的参考依据。方法:将80例初治的MM患者分为两组,观察组培养基中添加白介素6(10 ng/ml)和粒-单细胞集落刺激因子(30 ng/ml),对照组未加刺激因子。两组相同条件下培养72 h,G显带方法进行染色体核型分析,比较两组的异常核型检出率以及检出的细胞遗传学异常的特点。结果:观察组较对照组MM的核型异常检出率有了极大的提高,两组总体异常检出率分别为72.5%和22.5%,在≤60岁组两组异常检出率分别为80.0%和19.2%,>60岁组分别为68.0%和28.6%,比较差异均有显著统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:添加白介素6(10 ng/ml)和粒-单细胞集落刺激因子(30 ng/ml)双刺激因子,培养72 h的改良培养法可有效地提高MM患者染色体异常核型检出率。

Objective:To investigate an improved culturing method for karyotyping analysis,and increase the detection rate of cytogenetic abnormalities in patients with multiple myeloma(MM),so as to provide more powerful information for the clinical diagnosis,prognosis stratification,and individualized treatment of MM patients.Methods:Eighty newly-diagnosed MM patients were enrolled and divided into two groups.In observation group,IL-6(10 ng/ml)and GM-CSF(30 ng/ml)were supplemented in the culture medium,while no stimulating factor was added in control group.The samples from both groups were cultured for 72 hours under the same conditions,and their karyotypes were analyzed by G-banding.The detection rate of the cytogenetic abnormalities,as well as the corresponding characteristics were compared between the two groups.Results:The detection rate of the chromosome aberrations was greatly increased in the observation group compared with the control group,the overall detection rate was 72.5%and 22.5%,respectively,as well as 80.0%and 19.2%in the subgroup of≤60 years old,68.0%and 28.6%in the subgroup of>60 years old,which showed significant statistical differences(P<0.05).Conclusion:The modification of the culturing method with the addition of IL-6(10 ng/ml)and GM-CSF(30 ng/ml)dual stimulating factors followed by incubation for 72 hours can effectively increase the detection rate of abnormal karyotypes in MM patients.