林火干扰对土壤氮组分及微生物氮循环影响研究进展

Research Progress in the Impact of Forest Fire Disturbance on Soil Nitrogen Composition and Microbial Nitrogen Cycle

林火干扰作为森林生态系统中能量传递和养分循环的重要因子,对于研究火烧迹地植被更新与快速恢复可提供一定的数据理论支撑,而林火干扰对土壤微生境及微生物氮循环的影响机制一直是广大学者研究的热点。文中从火烧强度、恢复时间、火烧木管理方式等3个方面总结国内外林火干扰对土壤氮组分及氮循环的影响研究进展,揭示了林火干扰和全球气候变化对土壤氮循环的短期及长期影响机制,探讨不同生物技术在林火干扰下土壤微生物氮循环基因丰度变化中的应用;提出未来林火干扰对森林生态系统土壤氮循环影响的研究展望:1)全面比较研究不同林火干扰模式对土壤氮组分、微生物氮循环的影响;2)研究评价不同林火干扰模式下土壤氮库的稳定性;3)加强高通量测序、定量PCR技术、宏基因组学、稳定同位素探测等技术在林火干扰与气候变化对森林生态系统影响研究中的应用。研究结果对火烧迹地植被更新、土壤氮库的重建与功能发挥具有重要意义。

As an important factor to energy transfer and nutrient cycling in forest ecosystems,forest fire disturbance provides certain theoretical support for the study of vegetation renewal and rapid restoration of fire slash.The influence mechanism of forest fire disturbance on soil micro-habitats and microbial nitrogen cycle has become a hot issue.This paper describes the research progress in the influence of forest fire disturbance on soil nitrogen composition and nitrogen cycle from three aspects of fire intensity,recovery time,and firewood management methods,reveals the long-term and short-term influence mechanisms of forest fire disturbance and global climate change on soil nitrogen,and discusses the application of different biotechnologies to the change in gene abundance of soil microbial nitrogen cycle under the disturbance of forest fire.Finally,the future research on the effect of forest fire disturbance on the soil nitrogen cycle of forest ecosystems are proposed:1)Comprehensive comparison study of the effects of different forest fire disturbance modes on soil nitrogen components and microbial nitrogen cycles;2)Research and evaluation of the stability of the soil nitrogen pool under the different forest fire disturbances;and 3)The application of the technology such as high-throughput sequencing,quantitative PCR technology,metagenomics,stable isotope detection and other technologies to the research on the effect of forest fire disturbance and climate change on forest ecosystem.The results of the study could be of great significance for the renewal of vegetation and the re-establishment and functioning of the soil nitrogen pool in the fire slash.