亲锂材料在锂金属负极应用中的研究进展

Research progress of lithiophilic materials in the application of lithium metal anode

锂金属负极在充放电过程中不受控的电化学行为导致锂枝晶的形成,这导致锂金属电池存在库伦效率低、循环寿命短以及安全问题,电极表面的锂离子的分布不均匀是锂枝晶产生的关键因素,亲锂材料与锂之间具有较强的结合能,可以在在电极表面产生均匀的锂离子通量,因此为了控制锂离子在锂金属负极的电化学行为,在锂金属负极中引入亲锂材料可以诱导锂离子均匀沉淀,抑制锂枝晶的成长。介绍了亲锂材料的发现过程,综述了不同亲锂材料在锂金属负极中的应用,并分析了其局限及将来可能的发展方向。

The uncontrolled electrochemical behavior of lithium metal anode in the process of charge and discharge leads to the formation of lithium dendrites,which leads to the low coulomb efficiency,short cycle life and safety problems of lithium metal battery.There is a strong binding energy between lithiophilic materials and lithium,which can produce a uniform lithium ion flux on the electrode surface,so in order to control the electrochemical behavior of lithium ions in lithium metal aonde,the introduction of lithiophilic materials into lithium metal negative electrode can induce the uniform precipitation of lithium ions and inhibit the growth of lithium dendrites.The discovery process of lithiophilic materials is introduced,the applications of different lithiophilic materials in lithium metal anode are furtherly reviewed,and their limitations and possible development direction in the future are analyzed.