转录组和代谢组在林木真菌病害防御反应中的应用研究进展

Advances in the Application ofTranscriptomics and M etabolomics Analysis to Trees'Defense Responses to Fungal Diseases

真菌病害是林木的主要生物胁迫之一,严重影响林业生态安全和经济效益。近年来随着组学技术的突破,转录组技术和代谢组技术已成功应用于林木真菌病害研究,主要包括致病和抗病关键基因的挖掘、林木防御物质的动态合成、抗病分子育种等方面,但林木如何抵御真菌病害及其两者间的互作机制仍是今后研究的热点与难点。文中通过对林木遭受真菌侵染后的转录组信息和代谢组信息进行探讨,包括类黄酮物质合成途径、植物激素信号转导、林木防御关键基因和关键代谢物、关键防御机制及功能网络等,将在理论上丰富林木响应真菌病害侵染的过程,为林木和真菌病害的互作研究奠定基础,并为林木抗性育种和化学防治提供参考;此外,基于目前转录组和代谢组在林木真菌病害防御反应方面的研究,对林木基因组研究、多组学联合研究以及病原菌组学研究等进行展望,以期为林木真菌病害研究提供新思路。

Fungal diseases are one of the main biological stresses of forest,which seriously affect the ecological safety and economic benefits of forests.With the breakthrough in the study of omics technology in recent years,the transcriptome and metabolome technology have been successfully applied to the research on trees'fungal disease,particularly the tapping of key genes associated with pathogenicity and disease resistance,dynamic synthesis of forest defense material,and molecular breeding for the improvement of disease resistance.However,how trees defend fungal diseases and their interaction mechanism will continue to be a research hotspot and the difficulty in the future.In this paper,transcriptome and metabolome information of forest trees infected by fungal is discussed,including flavonoids compounds synthesis pathway,plant hormone signal transduction,key genes in relation to forest trees'defense and key metabolites,key defense mechanism and function of network,which will enrich the theory of forest trees'response process against the infection of fungal diseases,lay the foundation for the research on the interactions between forest trees and fungal diseases,and provide literature support for resistance breeding and chemical control.In addition,based on the review of current research on the transcriptome and metabolome analysis of forest trees defense response to forest fungal diseases,this paper prospects forest tree genome research,multi-omics research and pathogenomics research,in order to provide new ideas for forest fungal diseases research.