奥列格·伊茨霍基对国际金融和国际贸易理论的贡献——2022年度约翰·贝茨·克拉克奖得主学术贡献评介

Contributions of Oleg Itskhoki to International Finance and Trade

因对国际金融和国际贸易领域的突破性贡献,奥列格·伊茨霍基被美国经济学联合会授予了2022年度约翰·贝茨·克拉克奖。在国际金融领域,伊茨霍基颠覆了长期以来对汇率难题的不完备解释,建立了理解汇率变动的新概念框架,并且从理论和实证角度解释了一般均衡框架下汇率传递的机制,对相关理论的完善具有里程碑式的贡献。同时,伊茨霍基对经济全球化过程中的收入不平等和失业问题也有着深入研究,通过建立一系列包含企业与劳动者异质性的模型,分析了贸易自由化与不平等的非单调关系,并通过劳动力市场微观数据对模型进行了结构化估计,对收入不平等问题进行了一系列严谨的定量评估。本文基于伊茨霍基在汇率传递机制、国际贸易与收入不平等方面的文献,对其学术成果与研究方法进行梳理与评介。

Oleg Itskhoki has been awarded the 2022 John Bates Clark Medal by the American Economic Association for his fundamental contributions to both international finance and international trade. In the field of international finance, Itskhoki has upended the long-standing incomplete explanation of the exchange rate puzzles, established a new conceptually unified framework for understanding exchange rate movements, and made a landmark contribution to the refinement of related theories by explaining the mechanism of exchange rate pass-through in the general equilibrium framework both theoretically and empirically. At the same time, Itskhoki also has profoundly studied income inequality and unemployment in the process of economic globalization, analyzed the non-monotonic relationship between trade liberalization and inequality by building a series of models incorporating firm heterogeneity and worker heterogeneity, and conducted serious quantitative evaluations of income inequality with labor market microdata. This paper reviews his research on exchange rate pass-through, international trade and income inequality.