俄罗斯库尔德移民融入困境探析——以阿迪格共和国族际关系为例

An Analysis of the Integration Dilemma of Russian Kurdish Immigrants: A Case Study of Inter-ethnic Relations in the Republic of Adygea

族际关系治理是当代俄罗斯作为多民族国家必须面对的重要政治任务。在族际政治与国际政治交融的背景下,由库尔德移民所引发的族际冲突,不仅存在外溢风险,而且对俄罗斯周边地区安全和国际秩序也带来严峻的挑战。为消除库尔德移民与其他族裔的冲突,并促进他们在俄罗斯社会的融入适应,本文以阿迪格共和国族际关系为个案,深入探讨了库尔德移民与当地社会的融合状况及存在的困境。研究显示,库尔德移民在俄境内社会融入缓慢,但进程一直在持续。他们在维护自身族群利益的同时,需要超越群体主义的视野,加强与其他族裔融合的程度。这是未来库尔德移民融入适应的重要方面,也是俄罗斯建构国家认同的发展方向。当前库尔德移民的融入困境,从侧面也反映了当前俄罗斯所面临的由外来移民所带来的民族关系复杂化的发展困境。

The governance of ethnic relations is an important political task that contemporary Russia must face as a multi-ethnic country. In the context of integrated ethnic and international politics, the ethnic conflicts caused by Kurdish immigration not only have spillover risks, but also bring severe challenges to the security of Russia’s surrounding regions and the international order. In order to eliminate the conflicts between Kurdish immigrants and other ethnic groups and promote their integration and adaptation in Russian society, this paper takes inter-ethnic relations in the Republic of Adygea as a case study to deeply explore the integration state of Kurdish immigrants and local society, and the existing difficulties. As the study shows, social integration of Kurdish immigrants in Russia has been slow, but the process has continued. While safeguarding their own ethnic interests, they need to go beyond the vision of groupism and strengthen the degree of integration with other ethnic groups. This is an important aspect of future integration and adaptation of Kurdish immigrants, and also the development direction of Russia’s construction of national identity. The current integration dilemma of Kurdish immigrants also reflects in some way the development dilemma of ethnic relations complicated by immigration in Russia.