云南省大理市啮齿动物携带冠状病毒和戊型肝炎病毒的调查

Investigation of coronavirus and hepatitis E virus in rodents in Dali City,Yunnan Province

目的调查云南省大理市啮齿动物冠状病毒(Coronavirus,CoV)和戊型肝炎病毒(Hepatitis E Virus,HEV)感染率。方法2020年8月~2021年8月在大理市4个乡镇采集啮齿动物样本,采用巢式PCR扩增CoV和HEV的保守序列基因,用生物信息学软件进行同源性与遗传进化分析。结果共捕获76只啮齿动物属于5属6种,CoV感染动物为褐家鼠(Rattus norvegicus)和黄胸鼠(Rattus tanezumi),感染率分别为40.74%(11/27)、2.38%(1/42);HEV感染动物为褐家鼠和黄胸鼠,感染率分别为14.81%(4/27)、2.38%(1/42)。在银桥镇捕获的2只褐家鼠中同时检测到CoV和HEV,感染率为7.41%(2/27)。基于CoV的部分RNA依赖的RNA酶(RNA-dependent RNA polymerase,RdRp)的434 bp核苷酸片段分析,11株CoV阳性样本均来自褐家鼠,为α-CoV,与来自中国福建黄毛鼠(Rattus losea)RtRl/FJ2015同源性最高,为99.73%~99.74%;1株CoV阳性样本来自黄胸鼠,为β-CoV,与来自中国云南板齿鼠(Bandicota indica)Ruili66同源性最高,为98.21%。基于HEV的部分RdRp的340 bp核苷酸片段分析,5株HEV阳性样本均来自褐家鼠,均为HEV-C,与来自中国香港免疫移植病人pt 5株同源性最高,为95.87%~96.21%。结论云南省大理市啮齿动物中存在CoV和HEV感染,2种病毒的宿主动物与人关系密切,应加强相关病毒的监测与研究。

An investigation of coronavirus(CoV)and hepatitis E virus(HEV)in rodents was performed to understand CoV and HEV infection of rodents in Dali City,Yunnan Province.Rodent samples were obtained in the four towns of Dali city through traps from August 2020 to August 2021.A total of 76 rodents belonging to six species and five genera were captured:Rattus tanezumi,Rattus norvegicus,Apodemus chevrieri,Eothenomys miletus,Niviventer fulvescens,and Mus Pahari.Detection of CoV and HEV was performed by nested-PCR.The in fection rate of CoV was 40.74%(11/27)and 2.38%(1/42)in R.norvegicus and R.tanezumi,respectively.The infection rate of HEV was 14.81%(4/27)and 2.38%(1/42)in R.norvegicus and R.tanezumi,respectively.Co-infection with CoV and HEV was detected in two R.norvegicus,with a co-infection rate of 7.41%(2/27).A Basic Local Alignment Search Tool(BLAST)search was performed on partial RNA-dependent RNA polymerase(RdRp)sequences of CoV and HEV.Eleven strains from R.norvegicus wereα-CoV,and matched best to strain KY370050 from Rattus losea(Fujian,China),with 99.73%to 99.74%nucleotide(nt)sequency identity.One strain wasβ-CoV from R.tanezumi,which displayed 98.21%nt sequence identity with strain MT820632 from Bandicota indica(Yunnan,China).Five strains from R.norvegicus were all HEV-C,and showed 95.87%to 96.21%sequence similarity to strain MN450853 from a patient in Hong Kong,China.In conclusion,CoV and HEV infections are present in rodents in Dali City.Because the host animals of the two viruses are closely related to humans,surveillance and investigations of related viruses should be strengthened.