巨细胞病毒感染的眼部病变研究进展

Research progress of cytomegalovirus infection in the eye

巨细胞病毒是一种疱疹病毒科的双链DNA病毒,初次感染在各年龄阶段均可发生,其感染眼部后表现多样,以巨细胞病毒性角膜内皮炎、巨细胞病毒性前葡萄膜炎及巨细胞病毒性视网膜炎最为常见,可对视力造成严重损害。掌握这些疾病的临床特征、尽早明确诊断有助于及早干预、改善患者视力预后。本文就巨细胞病毒性角膜内皮炎、巨细胞病毒性前葡萄膜炎及巨细胞病毒性视网膜炎的发病人群及好发因素、眼部特征性临床表现、眼科常用辅助检查特征、分子生物学方法辅助诊断及多种治疗手段的研究进展进行综述,以期为临床工作提供参考。

Cytomegalovirus is a kind of double-stranded DNA virus in herpesvirus family.The initial infection can occur at all ages.The ocular manifestations are diverse after infection.Cytomegalovirus corneal endotheliitis,cytomegalovirus anterior uveitis and cytomegalovirus retinitis are the most common types,which can cause serious damage to vision.Mastering the clinical features of these diseases and making early diagnosis can help to realize early intervention and improve visual prognosis.The susceptible population,risk factors,ocular clinical manifestations,the characteristics in common ocular auxiliary examinations,molecular biotechnology-assisted diagnosis method and various treatment methods of cytomegalovirus endotheliitis,cytomegalovirus anterior uveitis and cytomegalovirus retinitis were reviewed in this article so as to provide reference for clinical work.