正常人眼角膜高阶像差的分布及其与年龄的相关性:邯郸眼病研究

Distribution of higher-order aberrations in normal human cornea and its correlation with age:Handan Eye Study

目的分析不同光学区人眼角膜像差的分布及其随年龄的变化趋势。设计横断面研究。研究对象2006-2007年“邯郸眼病研究”30~87岁健康者2308人。方法采用i-trace视觉分析仪测量受试者的角膜像差。主要指标角膜3~6 mm光学区3阶、4阶高阶像差中的三叶草、彗差及球差的Zernike系数和均方根(RMS)值。结果6 mm光学区角膜三叶草、彗差及球差在角膜总体高阶像差中占比分别为27.7%、27.7%、44.2%。6 mm光学区角膜垂直三叶草、垂直彗差、水平彗差、斜向三叶草和球差的RMS值分别为(0.194±0.508)μm、(0.199±0.309)μm、(0.135±0.108)μm、(0.137±0.131)μm、(0.295±0.145)μm;均与年龄呈正相关,r值分别为0.173、0.181、0.083、0.154、0.073(P均<0.001)。线性回归显示:随年龄增加,垂直三叶草向负值方向变化R^(2)=0.021(P<0.05);垂直彗差、斜向三叶草和球差向正值方向变化R^(2)分别为0.004、0.007、0.008(P均<0.05)。垂直三叶草和垂直彗差在高年龄组中明显大于低年龄组,H值分别为75.89、74.97(P均<0.001);斜向三叶草次之62.71(P<0.001);水平彗差和球差在不同年龄组间差异最小16.17(P=0.003)、22.47(P<0.001)。结论角膜6 mm光学区的球差在角膜高阶像差中占比最高。随年龄增加,角膜垂直三叶草向负值方向增大,垂直彗差、斜向三叶草和球差向正值方向增大。三叶草和垂直彗差在高年龄组明显增大,水平彗差和球差随年龄的增幅较小。

Objective To analyze the distribution of human corneal aberrations in different optical zones and its changing trend with age.Design Cross-sectional study.Participants From 2006 to 2007,a total of 2308 healthy people aged 30-87 years-old were recruited for the Handan Eye Study.Method The subjects'corneal aberration was measured with i-trace visual analyzer.Main Outcome Measures Zernike coefficients and root mean square(RMS)values of trefoil,coma and spherical aberrations in the 3rd and 4th order higher-order aberrations of human cornea in the 3~6 mm optical zone.Results Corneal trefoil,coma and spherical aberration in the 6 mm optical zone accounted for 27.7%,27.7%,and 44.2%of the total corneal higher-order aberrations,respectively.The RMS values of the corneal vertical trefoil,vertical coma,horizontal coma,oblique trefoil and spherical aberration in the 6 mm optical zone wss(0.194±0.508)μm,(0.199±0.309)μm,(0.135±0.108)μm,(0.137±0.131)μm,(0.295±0.145)μm respectively,and the r values were positively correlated with age:0.173(P<0.001),0.181(P<0.001),0.083(P<0.001),0.154(P<0.001),0.073(P<0.001).Linear regression shows that:with the increase of age,the vertical trefoil changes to the negative direction R^(2)=0.021,P<0.05,the vertical coma,oblique trefoil and spherical aberration change to the positive direction R^(2) was 0.004,0.007,0.008,respectively(all P<0.05).Vertical trefoil and vertical coma were significantly larger in the older age group than in the younger age group,with H values of 75.89(P<0.001)and 74.97(P<0.001),respectively.Oblique trefoil was the next with 62.71(P<0.001).The difference in horizontal coma and spherical aberration among different age groups was the smallest at 16.17(P=0.003)and 22.47(P<0.001).Conclusion Within a 6 mm corneal optical zone,spherical aberration accounts for the highest proportion of higher-order aberrations.With the increase of age,the corneal vertical trefoil increased in the negative direction,and the vertical coma,oblique trefoil and spherical aberration increased in the positive direction.The trefoil and vertical coma increased significantly in the older age group,while horizontal coma and spherical aberration increased less with aging.