2017—2019年北京某高校教职工健康体检结果分析

Analysis of physical examination results of teaching staff in a university in Beijing from 2017 to 2019

目的 掌握中国人民大学教职工的健康状况及变化趋势,为改善教职工的生命质量、提出合理的健康教育和促进策略提供数据支持。方法 将2017—2019年参加体检的中国人民大学的教职工(含离退休人员)纳入研究,对获得的体检资料进行分析,采用χ2趋势检验分析异常指标在2017—2019的变化趋势。结果 2017—2019年有效体检的教职工人数分别为6 082,6 088和6 507人,各年的平均年龄在44~45岁左右,其中女性多于男性。全体职工在2017—2019年3年间高血压检出率分别为16.29%、15.85%、20.01%;高血糖检出率分别为12.20%、17.34%、29.29%;尿酸偏高检出率分别为16.36%、20.28%、20.81%;心电图异常的检出率分别为14.24%、17.58%、19.43%,检出率均逐年递增;而血脂异常检出率分别为44.33%、32.29%、32.1%;血清谷丙转氨酶偏高的检出率分别为9.48%、7.62%、7.82%,检出率呈现降低趋势(P<0.05)。2017—2019年,在各个年龄组中高血糖检出率最低为2017年<35岁组(0.81%),最高为2019年≥60岁组(48.55%);尿酸偏高的检出率最低为2017年<35岁组(15.04%),最高为2018年≥60岁组(24.4%),均明显上升,血脂异常和谷丙转氨酶偏高的检出率在各个年龄组呈下降趋势(P<0.05),血脂异常检出率最低为2019年<35岁组(15.96%),最高为2017年50~59岁组(50.79%);谷丙转氨酶偏高检出率最低为2018年≥60岁组(7.62%),最高为2019年35~49组(12.08%)。校正了年份、年龄和性别后,高血压、高血糖、血脂异常、尿酸偏高、谷丙转氨酶偏高和心电图异常的检出率均随着BMI的升高而递增(P<0.05),各项指标在肥胖组的检出率分别为30.83%、33.7%、58.51%、45.67%、27.97%和21.0%。结论 2017—2019年本校教职工的健康状况不容乐观,高血压、高血糖、尿酸偏高和心电图异常的检出率均呈现上升的趋势,血脂异常的检出率呈现逐年下降,35岁以下教职工心电图异常检出率升高明显。

Objective To understand the health status and changing trend of faculty members in People’s University of China, so as to provide datum support for improving the quality of life of faculty members and putting forward reasonable health education and promotion strategies.Methods The research subjects were the staff of People’s University of China(including retirees) who participated in physical examinations from 2017 to 2019. The obtained physical examination data were analyzed. χ2trend test was used to analyze the change trend of abnormal indicators from 2017 to 2019.Results From2017 to 2019, 6 082, 6 088 and 6 507 staff members had effective physical examinations. The average age of each year was about 44-45 years old, of which women were more than men. From 2017 to 2019, the detection rates of hypertension were16.29%, 15.85% and 20.01% for faculty members;the detection rates of hyperglycemia were 12.20%,17.34% and 29.29%;the detection rates of high uric acid were 16.36%, 20.28%, and 20.81%;the detection rates of abnormal ECG were 14.24%,17.58% and 19.43%, which increased year by year, while the detection rates of abnormal blood lipid were 44.33%, 32.29%and 32.1%;the detection rates of high serum alanine aminotransferase were 9.48%, 7.62% and 7.82% respectiely, showing a decreasing trend(P < 0.05). From 2017 to 2019, the lowest detection rate of hyperglycemia in all age groups was 0.81% in <35 years old group in 2017, and the highest was 48.55% in ≥ 60 years old group in 2019. The lowest detection rate of high uric acid was 15.04% in the group of <35 years old in 2017, and the highest was 24.4% in the group of ≥ 60 years old in2018. The detection rates of dyslipidemia and high alanine aminotransferase showed downward trends in all age groups(P <0.05). The lowest detection rate of dyslipidemia was 15.96% in the group of <35 years old in 2019, and the highest was 50.79% in the group of 50-59 years old in 2017.The lowest detection rate of high glutamic pyruvic transaminase was 7.62% in the group≥60 years old in 2018,and the highest was 12.08% in the group of 35-49 years old in 2019. After adjusting the year, age and gender, the detection rates of hypertension, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, high uric acid, high alanine aminotransferase and abnormal ECG increased with the increase of body mass index(BMI)(P < 0.05). The detection rates of various indicators in the obesity group were 30.83%, 33.7%, 58.51%, 45.67%, 27.97% and 21.0% respectively.ConclusionsFrom 2017 to 2019, the health status of the staff in our school is not optimistic. The detection rates of hypertension, hyperglycemia, high uric acid and abnormal ECG all show upward trends. The detection rate of abnormal blood lipids shows a decline year by year. The detection rate of abnormal ECG of the staff under 35 years old is significantly higher.