早期实施肠道内营养支持护理对ICU禁食危重症患者康复效果的影响

Effect of early intestinal nutrition support care on rehabilitation in critical patients with fasting in ICU

目的 探讨早期肠内营养支持护理对重症监护室(ICU)禁食危重患者病情恢复的影响。方法 选取2020年5月—2021年5月本院ICU病房收治的80例禁食危重患者作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为两组,各40例。对照组采取常规营养支持护理,观察组采取早期肠内营养支持护理,持续支持7 d。对比两组营养状态、恢复情况、急性生理与慢性健康状况(APACHEⅡ)评分。结果 干预后,观察组血清白蛋白(ALB)、转铁蛋白(TRF)、前白蛋白(PA)水平分别为(39.41±1.55)g/L、(1.49±0.24)g/L、(261.12±18.72)mg/L,高于对照组的(37.31±1.32)g/L、(1.89±0.37)g/L、(234.74±21.50)mg/L,差异有统计学意义(t=6.524、7.224、5.855,均P<0.001);观察组干预后APACHEⅡ评分(6.10±0.47)分,低于对照组的(7.12±0.66)分,差异有统计学意义(t=7.792,P<0.001);观察组机械通气时间、住院时间分别为(6.39±1.90)d、(8.12±1.64)d,短于对照组的(8.71±1.88)d、(9.89±1.78)d,差异有统计学意义(t=5.490、4.625,均P<0.001)。结论 早期肠内营养支持护理干预用于ICU禁食危重患者中效果良好,利于改善营养状态及APACHEⅡ评分,促进患者康复。

Objective To investigate the impact of early enteral nutritional support care in critically fasting patients in intensive care unit(ICU).Methods A total of 80 critically ill fasting patients admitted in ICU from May 2020 to May2021 of our hospital were selected as the study subjects and divided into two groups with 40 cases in each group according to the randomized digital table method. The control group took the routine nutrition support care and the observation group took early enteral nutrition support care with continuous support for 7 d. The nutritional status, recovery, acute physiological and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ(APACHE Ⅱ) scores were compared between the two groups.Results After the intervention,the levels of serum albumin(ALB), transferrin(TRF) and prealbumin(PA) in the observation group were(39.41 ± 1.55) g/L,(1.49 ± 0.24) g/L and(261.12 ± 18.72) mg/L respectively, which were higher than those in the control group:(37.31 ± 1.32) g/L,(1.89 ± 0.37) g/L and(234.74 ± 21.50) mg/L, and the differences were statistically significant(t = 6.524, 7.224, 5.855, all P < 0.001). The APACHE Ⅱ score of the observation group was(6.10 ± 0.47), lower than that of the control group:(7.12 ±0.66), and the difference was statistically significant(t = 7.792, P < 0.001). The mechanical ventilation time and hospital stay time in the observation group were(6.39 ± 1.90) d and(8.12 ± 1.64) d respectively, which were shorter than those in the control group:(8.71 ± 1.88) d and(9.89 ± 1.78) d, and the differences were statistically significant(t = 5.490, 4.625, both P <0.001).Conclusion The early intestinal nutrition support nursing intervention is effective for fasting patients in ICU, and it is conducive to improve nutrition status and APACHE Ⅱ score, and promote patient recovery.