抗菌药物治疗前病原学送检率指标的管理应用现状

Current status of management and application of etiological submission rate in control of nosocomial infection in Chinese hospitals before antibiotic treatment

目的 了解抗菌药物治疗前病原学送检率指标在我国医院感染防控工作中的管理与应用现状。方法 2020年12月30日-2021年1月28日通过采用网络问卷调查的方式对抽样范围内医院进行调查,运用SPSS 24.0统计软件对问卷调查数据进行描述性分析。结果 在调研的医院中,有75.83%(1 117/1 473)的医院将该项指标作为医院感染管理工作内容,其中84.78%(947/1 117)的医院能够通过国家医疗质量管理与控制信息网完成数据上报工作;在收集数据时,我国大部分医院(677/947,71.49%)已经能够完全或部分运用信息化采集方式;在对该项指标的重视程度进行主观评价时,1 473所医院中有968所(65.72%)认为该指标有用,仅有103所(6.99%)认为该指标无用。将医院按照类型、级别及经营性质分类,对数据采集方式和主观评价等数据进行统计学比较发现,不同医院间的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 我国医院对于抗菌药物治疗前病原学送检的重视意识仍有待加强,认识仍有待提高,应着重完善医院感染信息化管理,加强医院感染管理人才队伍建设,定期开展医院感染管理能力培训,提升医院的感染监测能力。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the current status of management and application of etiological submission rate in prevention and control of nosocomial infection in Chinese hospitals before antibiotic treatment. METHODS An online questionnaire survey was conducted for the hospitals within the sampling range from Dec 30, 2020 to Jan 28, 2021, and descriptive analysis was performed for the questionnaire survey data by using SPSS 24.0 software. RESULTS Among the hospitals included in the survey, 75.83%(1 117/1 473) took the indictor as the content of management of nosocomial infection, 84.78%(947/1 117) of which could complete the data reporting work through the National Medical Quality Management and Control Information Network. Most of the Chinese hospitals(677/947,71.49%) could completely or partly used informationized collection means to collect data. Regarding to the subjective assessment on attention to the indicator, 968 of 1473(65.72%) hospitals thought that it was effective, only 103(6.99%) hospitals didn’t think it was effective. The hospitals were categorized based on the type, grade and management nature, and the statistical analysis of the data showed that there were significant differences in the data such as the data collection mean and subjective assessment among the different types of hospitals(P<0.05). CONCLUSION It is necessary to attach greater importance to the etiological submission in Chinese hospitals before antibiotic treatment, improve the awareness, focus on the information management of nosocomial infection, strengthen the talents building, regularly carry out training of management ability and boost capability of monitoring of nosocomial infection.