谢林的生物演化学说

Schelling’s Doctrine of Biological Evolution

本文以理查兹的阐释为基础,为谢林的生物演化学说提供一个更全面的阐释。理查兹的阐释关注谢林是否接受生物演化为历史事实。本文认可后期理查兹的结论,即,谢林已经承认生物演化,但判定理查兹的论证无法支持这一结论。通过新阐释,首先,本文将指明谢林生物演化学说的主要观点,即,生物演化按预置模式进行;其次,本文将完善理查兹的论证,证明谢林已接受生物演化为历史事实。此外,本文还将以谢林演化学说为例,简单澄清其客观观念论立场。本文的结论是,虽然谢林生物演化学说中的多数具体内容都已过时,但其核心诉求依然保留在当代理论生物学之中。

Based on Robert Richards’ interpretation,this article provides a more comprehensive interpretation of Friedreich Schelling’s doctrine of biological function.Richards’ interpretation focuses on the question whether Schelling treats evolution as a real historical process.This article agrees with late Richards on his conclusion that Schelling accepts historical evolution but takes issues with his arguments.Through the new interpretation,this article first presents the main tenet of Schelling’s doctrine,that is,biological evolution must proceed in accordance with pre-established rules;second,it also shows that Schelling does accept historical evolution.In addition,this article uses Schelling’s doctrine of biological evolution to illustrate his objective idealism.Finally,it concludes that,although most parts of Schelling’s doctrine are outdated from the standpoint of modern biology,his key theoretical concern is preserved in current theoretical biology.