2019-2021年特勤人员体检结果与健康促进路径相关性分析

Correlation analysis between physical examination results of special service personnel and health promotion path in 2019-2021

目的分析特勤人员疾病检出和生化指标变化情况,为明确健康教育重点和制订健康促进路径提供科学依据。方法选取2019年1月至2021年12月在某康复疗养中心疗养的1825例特勤人员健康体检资料,收集其人口学资料、体格检查及生化检测结果进行统计分析。结果血脂异常、高尿酸血症、肥胖症等代谢内分泌系统疾病检出率逐年上升,甲状腺结节、肝功能异常和高胆红素血症检出率逐年上升,颈腰椎间盘突出等与训练相关疾病检出率逐年上升;血脂异常、甲状腺结节、脂肪肝、肥胖症、颈腰椎间盘突出和半月板损伤以≥40岁年龄组为主,屈光不正以<40岁年龄组为主;空勤人员疾病检出以血脂异常、甲状腺结节和颈腰椎间盘突出为主,海勤人员以屈光不正和脂肪肝为主。结论特勤人员生活方式相关疾病发病率呈逐年上升趋势;特勤人员职业病及甲状腺相关疾病应引起关注。特勤疗养实践中应针对不同人群、重点疾病,制定个性化的健康促进路径,开展集个体化管理、建立技术规范、创新教育模式、开展效果评价四位一体的健康促进体系,应用于疾病预防,整体提升特勤人员的健康水平,延长特勤人员的职业生涯,维护和提升部队战斗力。

Objective To analyze the disease detection and biochemical index changes of special service personnel,and provide scientific basis for defining the health education focus and formulating the health promotion path.Methods The physical examination data of 1 825 special service personnel recuperated in a Rehabilitation and Recuperation Center from January 2019 to December 2021 were selected to collect their demographic data,physical examination and biochemical test results for statistical analysis. Results The detection rates of metabolic and endocrine system diseases such as dyslipidemia,hyperuricemia and obesity have increased year by year,the detection rates of thyroid nodules,liver dysfunction and hyperbilirubinemia have increased year by year,and the detection rates of cervical and lumbar disc herniation and other training related diseases have increased year by year;Dyslipidemia,thyroid nodules,fatty liver,obesity,cervical and lumbar disc herniation and meniscus injury were mainly in the age group≥40 years old,and ametropia was mainly in the age group <40 years old;The diseases of aircrew were mainly dyslipidemia,thyroid nodules and cervical and lumbar disc herniation,while those of sea crew were mainly ametropia and fatty liver.Conclusion The incidence rate of lifestyle related diseases of special service personnel is increasing year by year;The occupational diseases and thyroid related diseases of special service personnel should be paid attention to. In the practice of special service recuperation,individualized health promotion paths should be formulated for different groups and key diseases,and a health promotion system integrating individualized management,establishment of technical specifications,innovation of education mode and effect evaluation should be carried out,which should be applied to disease prevention,improve the health level of special service personnel as a whole,prolong the professional career of special service personnel,and maintain and enhance the combat effectiveness of the army.