从先秦时期的食官体系看偃师商城宫城1号和6号建筑基址的性质

On the function of constructions No.1 and No.6 in the palatial area of the Yanshi Shang-Dynasty City site

对考古发现的遗存,尤其是重要遗存的性质进行阐释是考古学研究的任务之一。偃师商城宫殿区发现的十余座大型建筑基址的具体功用是研究者异常关注的问题,对其性质进行分析也是深化偃师商城性质认识的必由之路。基于对1号和6号建筑基址的空间位置及共时遗存的分析,考之先秦时期的文献,1号和6号基址与《周礼·天官》中“冢宰”属官“宫正”所掌的“内、外饔”的关联性较强,可能为统治者提供“膳羞(馐)之割、烹、煎、和之事”和“祭祀之割亨(烹)”的“内饔”与“外饔”所在。

Interpreting the remains of archaeological discoveries,especially the nature of important remains,is one of the tasks of archaeological research.The specific functions of more than ten large-scale constructions discovered in the palatial area of the Shang-Dynasty Yanshi City site are of great concerns to researchers,while analyzing their properties is essential in deepening the understanding of the site nature.Based on the analysis of the spatial location and synchronic relics of the foundations of constructions No.1 and No.6,supplemented by the Pre-Qin documents,the function of constructions No.1 and No.6 should be highly related to the Internal and External Feast Areas(内外饔),which,according to rites of the Zhou Dynasty,was in the charge of the subordinate official Gongzheng(宫正).They were also known as the Eastern Kitchen(东厨)and the Divine Kitchen(神厨),which,separately,were to provide the rulers with delicate meal and sacrificial food.