生姜秸秆基多孔活性炭的研制及吸附性能研究

Preparation and Adsorption Performance of Ginger Straw-based Porous Activated Carbon

文章以生姜秸秆为原料,采用氯化锌活化法制备生姜秸秆基多孔活性炭,优化材料最佳制备条件。利用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪、氮气吸附物理分析仪、傅里叶红外光谱和拉曼光谱等表征手段对生姜秸秆基多孔活性炭形貌结构以及化学组成等进行分析,并考察溶液pH值、吸附时间、温度和初始浓度对其吸附亚甲基蓝(MB)染料的影响。结果表明:生姜秸秆基多孔活性炭最佳制备条件为氯化锌与生姜秸秆质量比2∶1、活化温度500℃、活化时间1 h。制备活性炭具有大量的孔径结构和丰富的表面基团,对MB吸附效果明显,吸附量最高可达565.0 mg/g。溶液pH、初始浓度、吸附时间和温度对活性炭吸附性能有一定影响,吸附过程符合准二级动力学模型和Langmuir等温线模型。该研究制备的生姜秸秆基多孔活性炭材料结构和吸附性能优良,可作为优质吸附剂应用于污水处理领域,同时为生姜秸秆的资源化利用提供新途径。

Ginger straw-based porous activated carbon was prepared by zinc chloride(ZnCl2)activation method using ginger straw as raw material and its preparation conditions were optimized.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),nitrogen adsorption physics analyzer,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)and Raman spectroscopy(Raman)were used to analyze the morphology,structure and chemical composition of ginger straw-based porous activated carbon.The effects of pH value,adsorption time,temperature and initial concentration on its adsorption of dye methylene blue(MB)were investigated.The results showed that the optimum preparation conditions of ginger straw-based porous activated carbon were the mass ratio of zinc chloride to ginger straw of 2∶1,the activation temperature of 500℃,and the activation time of 1 h.The prepared activated carbon had a large amount of pore structure and abundant surface groups,and the adsorption effect of MB was obvious with a maximum adsorption capacity of 565.0 mg/g.The solution pH,initial concentration,adsorption time and temperature had a certain influence on the adsorption property of activated carbon.The adsorption process accorded with pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir isotherm model.The ginger straw-based porous activated carbon material prepared in this study has excellent structure and adsorption performance,which can be used as a high-quality adsorbent in the field of wastewater treatment,and provides a new way for the resource utilization of ginger straw.