传统工艺类非物质文化遗产开发利用中各利益相关者协同规则研究

Collaborative Rules of Related Stakeholders in the Development and Utilization of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Traditional Craft

传统工艺类非物质文化遗产具有较强的“准公共产品”属性和“可再生产”特质,与文化新业态开发具有直接关联性。传统工艺类非物质文化遗产在开发利用过程中所涉及的利益主体众多,利益相关者产生的影响各不相同。研究运用利益相关者理论,辨识和界定出传统工艺类非物质文化遗产开发利用过程中的利益相关者,在剖析各利益相关者角色效应的基础上,构建利益相关者协同关系模型;从健全各利益相关者社会责任和参与规划体系,建立市场运行、文化资源评估、利益反哺联动体系,建构各利益主体经济、政治、社会全维度赋权体系三个层面,为当下传统工艺类非物质文化遗产的应用发展提出多主体协同规则,以期为其他类别非物质文化遗产的创新性发展与创造性转化提供有效借鉴,并为非物质文化遗产整体保护和利用中的利益主体相互协同提供可行性参考。

The intangible cultural heritage of traditional craft is directly related to the development of new cultural formats due to its strong attributes of"quasi-public goods"and"reproducibility",and the stakeholders involved have different impacts in its development and utilization.Therefore,the stakeholder theory is used in this paper to identify and define the stakeholders in the developmental process and a stakeholder synergy model is constructed based on the analysis of the role effects of various stakeholders.From the three aspects of perfecting the social responsibility and participation planning system of stakeholders,establishing the linkage system of market operation,cultural resource evaluation and benefit feedback,and constructing the economic,political and social full-dimensional empowerment system of stakeholders,this paper puts forward the multi-agent collaborative rules for the application and development of the intangible cultural heritage of traditional craft,with a view to providing an effective reference for the innovative development and creative transformation of other types of intangible cultural heritage,as well as a feasible reference for a mutual coordination of stakeholders for the overall protection and utilization of intangible cultural heritage.