近150年来秘鲁文学中的中国形象

Imaging China in Peruvian Literature(1872-2017)

论文对秘鲁非华裔作家和华裔作家书写中国的文学作品进行了梳理,总结出秘鲁文学界在不同时期由不同作者群体塑造的中国形象。从1872年该国文坛出现书写中国的文学作品,到2017年最新一部作品发表的近150年中,非华裔作家的苦力文学和批判文学从“他者”视角,主要塑造了中国迟暮帝国的负面形象;而20世纪80年代之后,渐成气候的华裔作家的寻根文学,则从“主体”视角塑造了中国东方大国的正面形象。秘鲁华裔作家在作品中打造命运共同体获得成功,对于增强我国文化软实力在该国乃至拉美的影响力有重要借鉴意义。但值得注意的是,秘鲁文学中对当代中国书写的缺失,促使我们在进行对外文化传播中不断创新,加强对中国新形象的塑造。

Chinese immigration to Peru commenced in 1849 and ever since had gone through four main periods,which may be marked with four key words “coolies,xenophobia,resurge and thrive”.As a consequence,the image of China in Peruvian literature has continuously been evolving.Between 1872and 2017 mainstream Peruvian writers with a perspective of “otherness” inclined to portray China as a declined old empire.This mode has been contested since the 1980s,with the Peru-born Chinese writers arising.In their root-seeking literature,China is positively presented as a gigantic country in the East.Peruvian ethnic Chinese writers’ self-driven perspective leads to the success of their works,which may offer a useful reference for China to enhance her soft power and cultural influences on Latin America.At present,there lacks a portrait of contemporary China in Peruvian literature,which may compel China to find innovative ways to construct a new national image.